Techniques for communicating synchronization signal block index in a timing synchronization signal

ABSTRACT

Techniques are described for wireless communication. In one method, a user equipment (UE) receives a timing synchronization signal (TSS) and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), with the TSS based at least in part on a timing of the TSS within a broadcast channel transmission time interval (BCH TTI); determines the timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; and demodulates the PBCH based at least in part on the TSS. In another method, a base station allocates resources for a TSS and a PBCH within a BCH TTI; determines the TSS based at least in part on a timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; and transmits, on the resources allocated for the TSS and the PBCH, the TSS and the PBCH, with the TSS transmitted as a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the PBCH on at least one port used to transmit the TSS and the PBCH.

CROSS REFERENCES

The present Application for patent claims priority to U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application No. 62/476,633 by Sadiq et al., entitled “TechniquesFor Communicating Synchronization Signal Block Index in a TimingSynchronization Signal,” filed Mar. 24, 2017, assigned to the assigneehereof.

BACKGROUND Field of the Disclosure

The present disclosure, for example, relates to wireless communicationsystems, and more particularly to techniques for communicating asynchronization signal (SS) block index in a timing synchronizationsignal (TSS).

Description of Related Art

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide varioustypes of communication content such as voice, video, packet data,messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be multiple-accesssystems capable of supporting communication with multiple users bysharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, andpower). Examples of such multiple-access systems include code-divisionmultiple access (CDMA) systems, time-division multiple access (TDMA)systems, frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) systems, andorthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) systems.

A wireless multiple-access communication system may include a number ofbase stations, each simultaneously supporting communication for multiplecommunication devices, otherwise known as user equipments (UEs). In aLong-Term Evolution (LTE) or LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, a set of oneor more base stations may define an eNodeB (eNB). In a next generation,new radio (NR), millimeter wave (mmW), or 5G network, a base station maytake the form of a smart radio head (or radio head (RH)) or access nodecontroller (ANC), with a set of smart radio heads in communication withan ANC defining a gNodeB (gNB). A base station may communicate with aset of UEs) on downlink channels (e.g., for transmissions from a basestation to a UE and uplink channels (e.g., for transmissions from a UEto a base station).

Wireless devices that operate in mmW frequency ranges, e.g., 28 GHz, 40GHz, 60 GHz, etc., may be associated with increased signal attenuation(e.g., path loss), which may be influenced by various factors, such astemperature, barometric pressure, diffraction, etc. As a result, signalprocessing techniques, such as beamforming, may be used to coherentlycombine energy and overcome the path losses at these frequencies. Insome cases, a base station may transmit signals on a broadcast channelby repetitively transmitting the signals while changing the beam onwhich the signals are transmitted (e.g., the base station may transmitthe signals on each of a plurality of beams while performing a beamsweep). In some cases, a base station may repetitively transmit a groupof signals defining a SS block. The signals transmitted within the SSblock may include a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondarysynchronization signal (SSS), and/or a physical broadcast channel(PBCH). These signals may be used by a UE for acquisition of a network,for example, or for other purposes. Conventional techniques used by a UEto acquire and synchronize with the network are deficient.

SUMMARY

The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, anddevices, or apparatuses that support communicating a synchronizationsignal (SS) block index in a timing synchronization signal (TSS).Generally, the described techniques relate to a base stationtransmitting a set of SS blocks each conveying a TSS that includes a SSblock index, and a user equipment (UE) may identify and use the SS blockindex to determine the timing of the TSS with respect to a broadcastchannel transmission time interval (BCH TTI). Beneficially, the UE mayuse the timing of the TTI to reduce the amount of time required toacquire and synchronize with the base station.

In an example, when a base station transmits a plurality of SS blockscarrying duplicative signals on different beams (or on a same beam, butat different times), and a UE receives one of the SS blocks, the UE maydetermine the timing of the SS block with respect to a slot boundary,subframe boundary, frame boundary, or some other timing reference, sothat the UE may synchronize with the base station. If the UE hasadditional a priori information about the SS blocks it is receiving, theUE may be able to make assumptions about the timing and synchronizationof the signals that enable the UE to synchronize with the base stationand perform demodulation more quickly. For example, if a base stationtransmits all signals within an SS block coherently (e.g., from the sameantenna port), then the UE can assume that all the signals within the SSblock are quasi co-located; that is, the UE can assume that certainproperties of the signals within the SS block are essentially constant,such as, for example, the delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift,etc. This may enable the UE to synchronize with the base station morequickly by using, for example, SSS as a reference for a TSS, which inturn serves as a demodulation reference signal for a physical broadcastchannel (PBCH). The UE may then use the TSS and SSS together todemodulate the PBCH

In one example, a method for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The method may include receiving a TSS and a PBCH, the TSSbased at least in part on a timing of the TSS within a broadcast channeltransmission time interval (BCH TTI); determining the timing of the TSSwithin the BCH TTI; and demodulating the PBCH based at least in part onthe TSS.

In one example, an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The apparatus may include a processor, memory in electroniccommunication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory.The instructions may be executable by the processor to receive a TSS anda PBCH, the TSS based at least in part on a timing of the TSS within aBCH TTI; to determine the timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; and todemodulate the PBCH based at least in part on the TSS.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The apparatus may include means for receiving a TSS and aPBCH, the TSS based at least in part on a timing of the TSS within a BCHTTI; means for determining the timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; andmeans for demodulating the PBCH based at least in part on the TSS.

In one example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable code for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The code may be executable by a processor to receive a TSSand a PBCH, the TSS based at least in part on a timing of the TSS withina BCH TTI; determine the timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; anddemodulate the PBCH based at least in part on the TSS.

Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for receiving a SS block that includesthe TSS and the PBCH, and the TSS may be based at least in part on a SSblock index associated with the SS block, and the SS block indexindicates the timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; and determining,based at least in part on the SS block index, the timing of the SS blockwithin the BCH TTI. In some examples, receiving the TSS and the PBCH mayinclude receiving the TSS time division multiplexed with the PBCH on asame set of one or more frequency subcarriers. In some examples, the SSblock may further include a PSS and a SSS, and receiving the TSS, theSSS, and the PBCH may include receiving the PBCH and the TSS after theSSS.

In some examples, receiving the TSS and the PBCH may include receivingthe TSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriers thatoverlaps a second set of one or more frequency subcarriers on which thePBCH is received, and the first set of one or more frequency subcarriersmay be different from the second set of one or more frequencysubcarriers. In some examples, receiving the TSS and the PBCH mayinclude receiving the TSS frequency division multiplexed with at least aportion of the PBCH. In some examples, the SS block may further includea PSS and a SSS, and receiving the SSS and the PBCH may includereceiving a second portion of the PBCH after the SSS.

In some examples, receiving the TSS and the PBCH may include receivingthe TSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriers that isinterleaved with a second set of one or more frequency subcarriers onwhich the PBCH is received. In some examples, the SS block may furtherinclude a PSS and a SSS, and receiving the TSS, the PSS, the SSS, andthe PBCH may include receiving the PSS and the SSS frequency divisionmultiplexed with the interleaved TSS and PBCH.

Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for receiving the SS block indexencoded in a waveform signature of the TSS, or in at least onemodulation symbol in the TSS. Some examples of the method, apparatus,and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above may furtherinclude processes, features, means, or instructions for identifying,based at least in part on the SS block index, a beam on which the SSblock is transmitted. In some examples, the PBCH may be received basedat least in part on the SS block index, and the method, apparatus, andnon-transitory computer-readable medium may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for decoding the PBCH based at least inpart on the SS block index. In some examples, the SS block may furtherinclude a PSS and a SSS, and the SSS is based at least in part on aphysical cell identity (PCI) of a base station.

In some examples, the SS block may further include a PSS and a SSS, andthe method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium mayfurther include processes, features, means, or instructions fordemodulating the PBCH based at least in part on the SSS. In someexamples, the SS block may be one SS block in a plurality of SS blockswithin the BCH TTI. In some examples, the TSS includes at least onemodulation symbol encoding the SS block index, and the method,apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described abovemay further include processes, features, means, or instructions fordecoding the SS block index encoded in the at least one modulationsymbol. In some examples, the at least one modulation symbol includes aquadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) symbol.

In one example, a method for wireless communication at a base station isdescribed. The method may include allocating resources for a TSS and aPBCH within a BCH TTI; determining the TSS based at least in part on atiming of the TSS within the BCH TTI; transmitting, on the resourcesallocated for the TSS and the PBCH, the TSS and the PBCH, the TSStransmitted as a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the PBCH on atleast one port used to transmit the TSS and the PBCH.

In one example, an apparatus for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory inelectronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored inthe memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor toallocate resources for a TSS and a PBCH within a BCH TTI; determine theTSS based at least in part on a timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI;and transmit, on the resources allocated for the TSS and the PBCH, theTSS and the PBCH, the TSS transmitted as a DMRS for the PBCH on at leastone port used to transmit the TSS and the PBCH.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The apparatus may include means for allocatingresources for a TSS and a PBCH within a BCH TTI; means for determiningthe TSS based at least in part on a timing of the TSS within the BCHTTI; and means for transmitting, on the resources allocated for the TSSand the PBCH, the TSS and the PBCH, the TSS transmitted as a DMRS forthe PBCH on at least one port used to transmit the TSS and the PBCH.

In one example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable code for wireless communication at a base station isdescribed. The code may be executable by a processor to allocateresources for a TSS and a PBCH within a BCH TTI; determine the TSS basedat least in part on a timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; andtransmit, on the resources allocated for the TSS and the PBCH, the TSSand the PBCH, the TSS transmitted as a DMRS for the PBCH on at least oneport used to transmit the TSS and the PBCH.

Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for allocating resources for a SSblock, the resources allocated for the SS block including the resourcesallocated for the TSS and the PBCH, and the timing of the TSS may bebased at least in part on a SS block index associated with the SS block.The SS block index may indicate the timing of the TSS within the BCHTTI, and the TSS and the PBCH may be transmitted by transmitting the SSblock. In some examples, transmitting the TSS and the PBCH may includetime division multiplexing the TSS with the PBCH on a same set of one ormore frequency subcarriers. In some examples, the SS block may furtherinclude a PSS and a SSS, and transmitting the TSS, the SSS, and the PBCHmay include transmitting the PBCH and the TSS after the SSS.

In some examples, transmitting the TSS and the PBCH may includetransmitting the TSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriersthat overlaps a second set of one or more frequency subcarriers on whichthe PBCH is transmitted, and the first set of one or more frequencysubcarriers may be different from the second set of one or morefrequency subcarriers. In some examples, transmitting the TSS and thePBCH may include frequency division multiplexing the TSS and at least aportion of the PBCH. In some examples, the SS block may further includea PSS and a SSS, and transmitting the SSS and the PBCH may includetransmitting a second portion of the PBCH after the SSS.

In some examples, transmitting the TSS and the PBCH may includetransmitting the TSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriersthat is interleaved with a second set of one or more frequencysubcarriers on which the PBCH is transmitted. In some examples, the SSblock may further include a PSS and a SSS, and transmitting the TSS, thePSS, the SSS, and the PBCH may include frequency division multiplexingthe PSS and the SSS with the interleaved TSS and PBCH. Some examples ofthe method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium mayfurther include processes, features, means, or instructions for encodingthe SS block index in a waveform signature of the TSS, or including theSS block index in at least one modulation symbol in the TSS. In someexamples, the SS block index may further identify a beam on which the SSblock is transmitted.

In some examples, the PBCH may be transmitted based at least in part onthe SS block index. In some examples, the SS block may further include aPSS and a SSS, and the SSS is determined based at least in part on a PCIof the base station. In some examples, the SS block may further includea PSS and a SSS, and the SSS may be transmitted as an additional DMRSfor the PBCH, on at least one port used to transmit the SSS and thePBCH. In some examples, the SS block may be one SS block in a pluralityof SS blocks transmitted within the BCH TTI. Some examples of themethod, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium mayfurther include processes, features, means, or instructions for encodingthe SS block index in at least one modulation symbol, and transmitting,on the resources allocated for the SS block, the TSS, wherein the TSSincludes the at least one modulation symbol. In some cases, the at leastone modulation symbol includes a quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK)symbol.

In one example, another method for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The method may include receiving a SS block that includes aTSS, a PSS, and a SSS, the TSS based at least in part on a SS blockindex associated with the SS block; determining, based at least in parton the SS block index, a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI; anddemodulating the TSS based at least in part on the SSS.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The apparatus may include a processor, memory in electroniccommunication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory.The instructions may be executable by the processor to receive a SSblock that includes a TSS, a PSS, and a SSS, the TSS based at least inpart on a SS block index associated with the SS block; determine, basedat least in part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block withina BCH TTI; and demodulate the TSS based at least in part on the SSS.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The apparatus may include means for receiving a SS block thatincludes a TSS, a PSS, and a SSS, the TSS based at least in part on a SSblock index associated with the SS block; means for determining, basedat least in part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block withina BCH TTI; and means for demodulating the TSS based at least in part onthe SSS.

In one example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable code for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The code may be executable by a processor to receive a SSblock that includes a TSS, a PSS, and a SSS, the TSS based at least inpart on a SS block index associated with the SS block; determine, basedat least in part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block withina BCH TTI; and demodulate the TSS based at least in part on the SSS.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may furtherinclude a PBCH, and receiving the TSS and the PBCH may include receivingthe TSS time division multiplexed with the PBCH on a same set of one ormore frequency subcarriers. In some examples, receiving the TSS, theSSS, and the PBCH may include receiving the PBCH and the TSS after theSSS.

Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for receiving the SS block indexencoded in a waveform signature of the TSS, or in at least onemodulation symbol in the TSS.

Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for identifying, based at least in parton the SS block index, a beam on which the SS block is received.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may furtherinclude a PBCH, the PBCH may be received based at least in part on theSS block index, and the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium may further include processes, features, means,or instructions for decoding the PBCH based at least in part on the SSblock index.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SSS may be determinedbased at least in part on a PCI of a base station.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may furtherinclude a PBCH, and the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium may further include processes, features, means,or instructions for demodulating the PBCH based at least in part on theSSS.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may be one SSblock in a plurality of SS blocks within the BCH TTI.

In one example, another method for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The method may include allocating resources for aSS block; determining a TSS based at least in part on a SS block indexassociated with the SS block, the SS block index indicating a timing ofthe SS block within a BCH TTI; and transmitting, on the resourcesallocated for the SS block, the TSS, a PSS, and a SSS, the SSStransmitted as a DMRS for the TSS on at least one port used to transmitthe TSS and the SSS.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory inelectronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored inthe memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor toallocate resources for a SS block; determine a TSS based at least inpart on a SS block index associated with the SS block, the SS blockindex indicating a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI; andtransmit, on the resources allocated for the SS block, the TSS, a PSS,and a SSS, the SSS transmitted as a DMRS for the TSS on at least oneport used to transmit the TSS and the SSS.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The apparatus may include means for allocatingresources for a SS block; means for determining a TSS based at least inpart on a SS block index associated with the SS block, the SS blockindex indicating a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI; and meansfor transmitting, on the resources allocated for the SS block, the TSS,a PSS, and a SSS, the SSS transmitted as a DMRS for the TSS on at leastone port used to transmit the TSS and the SSS.

In one example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable code for wireless communication at a base station isdescribed. The code may be executable by a processor to allocateresources for a SS block; determine a TSS based at least in part on a SSblock index associated with the SS block, the SS block index indicatinga timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI; and transmit, on theresources allocated for the SS block, the TSS, a PSS, and a SSS, the SSStransmitted as a DMRS for the TSS on at least one port used to transmitthe TSS and the SSS.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may furtherinclude a PBCH, and transmitting the TSS and the PBCH may include timedivision multiplexing the TSS with the PBCH on a same set of one or morefrequency subcarriers. In some examples, transmitting the TSS, the SSS,and the PBCH may include transmitting the PBCH and the TSS after theSSS.

Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for encoding the SS block index in awaveform signature of the TSS, or including the SS block index in atleast one modulation symbol in the TSS.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block index may furtheridentify a beam on which the SS block is transmitted.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may furtherinclude a PBCH, and the PBCH may be transmitted based at least in parton the SS block index.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SSS may be determinedbased at least in part on a PCI of the base station.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may furtherinclude a PBCH, and the SSS is transmitted as a DMRS for the PBCH, on atleast one port used to transmit the SSS and the PBCH.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may be one SSblock in a plurality of SS blocks transmitted within the BCH TTI.

In one example, another method for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The method receiving a SS block that includes a TSS includingat least one modulation symbol; decoding a SS block index encoded in theat least one modulation symbol; and identifying, based at least in parton the SS block index, a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The apparatus may include a processor, memory in electroniccommunication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory.The instructions may be executable by the processor to receive a SSblock that includes a TSS including at least one modulation symbol;decode a SS block index encoded in the at least one modulation symbol;and identify, based at least in part on the SS block index, a timing ofthe SS block within a BCH TTI.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The apparatus may include means for receiving a SS block thatincludes a TSS including at least one modulation symbol; means fordecoding a SS block index encoded in the at least one modulation symbol;and means for identifying, based at least in part on the SS block index,a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI.

In one example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable code for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The code may be executable by a processor to receive a SSblock that includes a TSS including at least one modulation symbol;decode a SS block index encoded in the at least one modulation symbol;and identify, based at least in part on the SS block index, a timing ofthe SS block within a BCH TTI.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the at least one modulationsymbol may include a quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) symbol or abinary phase-shift keying (BPSK) symbol.

Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for decoding, from the at least onemodulation symbol, at least one parameter of a beam sweep configurationused to receive a plurality of SS blocks, including the SS block, withinthe BCH TTI. In some examples, the at least one parameter of the beamsweep configuration may include: a number of beams in a SS blockburst-set, or a periodicity of the SS block burst-set, or a combinationthereof.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block index may beencoded in the at least one modulation symbol using a polar code, or aReed-Mueller code, or a Golay code, or a tail-biting convolutional code(TBCC).

Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for decoding a cyclic redundancy check(CRC) for the SS block index encoded in the at least one modulationsymbol; and verifying the SS block index based at least in part on theCRC.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may furtherinclude a PSS, a SSS, and a PBCH.

In one example, another method for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The method allocating resources for a SS block;encoding a SS block index in at least one modulation symbol, the SSblock index indicating a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI; andtransmitting, on the resources allocated for the SS block, a TSS thatincludes the at least one modulation symbol.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory inelectronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored inthe memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor toallocate resources for a SS block; encode a SS block index in at leastone modulation symbol, the SS block index indicating a timing of the SSblock within a BCH TTI; and transmit, on the resources allocated for theSS block, a TSS that includes the at least one modulation symbol.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The apparatus may include means for allocatingresources for a SS block; means for encoding a SS block index in atleast one modulation symbol, the SS block index indicating a timing ofthe SS block within a BCH TTI; and means for transmitting, on theresources allocated for the SS block, a TSS that includes the at leastone modulation symbol.

In one example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable code for wireless communication at a base station isdescribed. The code may be executable by a processor to allocateresources for a SS block; encode a SS block index in at least onemodulation symbol, the SS block index indicating a timing of the SSblock within a BCH TTI; and transmit, on the resources allocated for theSS block, a TSS that includes the at least one modulation symbol.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the at least one modulationsymbol may include a QPSK symbol or a BPSK symbol.

Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for encoding, in the at least onemodulation symbol, at least one parameter of a beam sweep configurationused to transmit a plurality of SS blocks, including the SS block,within the BCH TTI.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the at least one parameter ofthe beam sweep configuration may include: a number of beams in a SSblock burst-set, or a periodicity of the SS block burst-set, or acombination thereof.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block index may beencoded in the at least one modulation symbol using a polar code, or aReed-Mueller code, or a Golay code, or a TBCC.

Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above may further include processes,features, means, or instructions for generating a CRC for the SS blockindex; and encoding the CRC in the at least one modulation symbol, alongwith the SS block index.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may furtherinclude a PSS, a SSS, and a PBCH.

In one example, another method for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The method receiving a SS block including a TSS and a PBCH,the TSS based at least in part on a SS block index associated with theSS block; demodulating the TSS and the PBCH based at least in part on aDMRS; and identifying, based at least in part on the SS block index, atiming of the SS block within a BCH TTI.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The apparatus may include a processor, memory in electroniccommunication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory.The instructions may be executable by the processor to receive a SSblock including a TSS and a PBCH, the TSS based at least in part on a SSblock index associated with the SS block; demodulate the TSS and thePBCH based at least in part on a DMRS; and identify, based at least inpart on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The apparatus may include means for receiving a SS blockincluding a TSS and a PBCH, the TSS based at least in part on a SS blockindex associated with the SS block; means for demodulating the TSS andthe PBCH based at least in part on a DMRS; and means for identifying,based at least in part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS blockwithin a BCH TTI.

In one example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable code for wireless communication at a UE isdescribed. The code may be executable by a processor to receive a SSblock including a TSS and a PBCH, the TSS based at least in part on a SSblock index associated with the SS block; demodulate the TSS and thePBCH based at least in part on a DMRS; and identify, based at least inpart on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may furtherinclude a PSS and a SSS, and the DMRS may include the SSS.

In one example, another method for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The method allocating resources for a SS block;determining a TSS based at least in part on a SS block index associatedwith the SS block, the SS block index indicating a timing of the SSblock within a BCH TTI; and transmitting, on the resources allocated forthe SS block, the TSS and a PBCH, the SS block including a same DMRS forthe TSS and the PBCH on at least one port used to transmit the DMRS, theTSS, and the PBCH.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory inelectronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored inthe memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor toallocate resources for a SS block; determine a TSS based at least inpart on a SS block index associated with the SS block, the SS blockindex indicating a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI; andtransmit, on the resources allocated for the SS block, the TSS and aPBCH, the SS block including a same DMRS for the TSS and the PBCH on atleast one port used to transmit the DMRS, the TSS, and the PBCH.

In one example, another apparatus for wireless communication at a basestation is described. The apparatus may include means for allocatingresources for a SS block; means for determining a TSS based at least inpart on a SS block index associated with the SS block, the SS blockindex indicating a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI; and meansfor transmitting, on the resources allocated for the SS block, the TSSand a PBCH, the SS block including a same DMRS for the TSS and the PBCHon at least one port used to transmit the DMRS, the TSS, and the PBCH.

In one example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable code for wireless communication at a base station isdescribed. The code may be executable by a processor to allocateresources for a SS block; determine a TSS based at least in part on a SSblock index associated with the SS block, the SS block index indicatinga timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI; and transmit, on theresources allocated for the SS block, the TSS and a PBCH, the SS blockincluding a same DMRS for the TSS and the PBCH on at least one port usedto transmit the DMRS, the TSS, and the PBCH.

In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described above, the SS block may furtherinclude a PSS and a SSS, and the DMRS may include the SSS.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technicaladvantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that thedetailed description that follows may be better understood. Additionalfeatures and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conceptionand specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis formodifying or designing other structures for carrying out the samepurposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do notdepart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of theconcepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method ofoperation, together with associated advantages will be better understoodfrom the following description when considered in connection with theaccompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purpose ofillustration and description only, and not as a definition of the limitsof the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the presentinvention may be realized by reference to the following drawings. In theappended figures, similar components or features may have the samereference label. Further, various components of the same type may bedistinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a secondlabel that distinguishes among the similar components. If only the firstreference label is used in the specification, the description isapplicable to any one of the similar components having the same firstreference label irrespective of the second reference label.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communication system, inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 shows an example timeline of SS blocks within a periodic BCH TTI,in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 shows an example of a mmW wireless communication system, inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

FIGS. 4-7 show example time-frequency plots of a SS block, in accordancewith various aspects of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for use in wirelesscommunication, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure;

FIGS. 9-12 show block diagrams of apparatus for use in wirelesscommunication, including various UE wireless communication managers, inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for use in wirelesscommunication, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure;

FIGS. 14-17 show block diagrams of apparatus for use in wirelesscommunication, including various base station wireless communicationmanagers, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

FIG. 18 shows a block diagram of a UE for use in wireless communication,in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

FIG. 19 shows a block diagram of a base station for use in wirelesscommunication, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 20 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method for wirelesscommunication at a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 21 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method for wirelesscommunication at a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 22 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method for wirelesscommunication at a base station, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure;

FIG. 23 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method for wirelesscommunication at a base station, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure;

FIG. 24 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method for wirelesscommunication at a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 25 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method for wirelesscommunication at a base station, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure;

FIG. 26 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method for wirelesscommunication at a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 27 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method for wirelesscommunication at a base station, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure;

FIG. 28 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method for wirelesscommunication at a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure; and

FIG. 29 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method for wirelesscommunication at a base station, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, anddevices, or apparatuses that support communicating a synchronizationsignal (SS) block index in a timing synchronization signal (TSS).Generally, the described techniques relate to a base stationtransmitting a set of SS blocks each conveying a TSS that includes a SSblock index, and a user equipment (UE) may identify and use the SS blockindex to determine the timing of the TSS with respect to a broadcastchannel transmission time interval (BCH TTI). Beneficially, the UE mayuse the timing of the TTI to reduce the amount of time required toacquire and synchronize with the base station.

A wireless communication system (e.g., a mmW system) may utilizedirectional or beamformed transmissions (e.g., beams) for communication.For example, a base station may transmit signals on multiple beamsassociated with different directions. In some cases, the base stationmay engage in beam sweeping over a portion (or all) of the possiblebeams for transmitting messages or signals intended for UEs distributedthroughout a coverage area of the base station. In some cases, a basestation may transmit multiple instances of a SS block, on differentbeams, during a periodic BCH TTI. In other cases, a base station maytransmit multiple instances of a SS block on a same beam, or in anomnidirectional manner. A UE that receives one of the SS blocks mayacquire a network associated with the base station. However, before orwhile acquiring the network, the UE may determine the timing of one ormore SS blocks that it receives. In some cases, the timing of a SS blockmay be determined based at least in part on a SS block index thatconveys the timing of the SS block within a sequence of SS blocks.

Techniques described in the present disclosure use a TSS to convey a SSblock index. A TSS may be referred to as a tertiary synchronizationsignal or extended synchronization signal since it augments primary andsecondary synchronization signals (PSS and SSS) and may enable moreefficient synchronization between the UE and the base station. A TSS maybe transmitted alongside other synchronization signals—such as PSS andSSS—that convey time synchronization at different granularity (e.g.,OFDM symbol timing but not necessarily the OFDM symbol index or the SSblock index). For example, a base station may periodically transmit 40SS blocks. All or many of these SS blocks may contain identicallytransmitted signals such as a PSS/SSS and a PBCH. Therefore, theseblocks may not be distinguishable. In contrast, a TSS can also betransmitted in every SS block but may change from block to block toconvey the SS block index.

In an example, an SS block may carry one or more synchronization signals(such as PSS, SSS, and/or TSS). If the base station coherently transmitsall signals within an SS block (e.g., from the same antenna port), thenthe UE can assume that the synchronization signals are quasi-collocatedand therefore may have consistent signal properties, such as the delayspread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift, etc. Based on this assumption,the UE may be able to synchronize with the base station more quickly byusing, for example, SSS as a reference for TSS, which in turn serves asreference for a PBCH. The UE may then use TSS and SSS together todemodulate the PBCH. For example, the UE determine a signal to noiseratio (SNR) and/or a signal to noise plus interference ratio (SINR) forthe TSS, the SSS, or both, transmitted via a wireless channel, and usethe determined SNR and/or SINR for demodulating the PBCH. In anotherexample, the UE may use the TSS, the SSS, or both, to generate a channelestimate (e.g., estimate of a phase shift caused to the TSS, the SSS, orboth, by transmission via a wireless channel), and use the channelestimate for demodulating the PBCH. It is also possible that PBCHchanges from block to block but, because it may be computationallycomplex to determine an SS block index via changes in PBCH, TSS may beused instead to convey SS block index. In this case, the changes in PBCHcan be used to verify the SS block index determined using the TSS.

The following description provides examples, and is not limiting of thescope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes maybe made in the function and arrangement of elements discussed withoutdeparting from the scope of the disclosure. Various examples may omit,substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. Forinstance, the methods described may be performed in an order differentfrom that described, and various operations may be added, omitted, orcombined. Also, features described with respect to some examples may becombined in some other examples.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communication system 100, inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The wirelesscommunication system 100 includes base stations 105, UEs 115, and a corenetwork 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 maybe a Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, or a NewRadio (NR) network. In some cases, wireless communication system 100 maysupport enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (i.e., missioncritical) communications, low latency communications, and communicationswith low-cost and low-complexity devices.

Base stations 105 may wirelessly communicate with UEs 115 via one ormore base station antennas. Each base station 105 may providecommunication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110.Communication links 125 shown in wireless communication system 100 mayinclude uplink (UL) transmissions from a UE 115 to a base station 105,or downlink (DL) transmissions, from a base station 105 to a UE 115.Control information and data may be multiplexed on an uplink channel ordownlink according to various techniques. Control information and datamay be multiplexed on a downlink channel, for example, using timedivision multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing(FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. In some examples, thecontrol information transmitted during a TTI of a downlink channel maybe distributed between different control regions in a cascaded manner(e.g., between a common control region and one or more UE-specificcontrol regions).

UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the wireless communication system100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 115 may also bereferred to as a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, asubscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, awireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, amobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, awireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobileclient, a client, or some other suitable terminology. A UE 115 may alsobe a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wirelessmodem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a tabletcomputer, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a personal electronicdevice, a handheld device, a personal computer, a wireless local loop(WLL) station, an Internet of things (IoT) device, an Internet ofEverything (IoE) device, a machine type communication (MTC) device, anappliance, an automobile, or the like.

In some cases, a UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly withother UEs (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or device-to-device (D2D)protocol). One or more of a group of UEs 115 utilizing D2Dcommunications may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of a cell.Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coveragearea 110 of a cell, or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from abase station 105. In some cases, groups of UEs 115 communicating via D2Dcommunications may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some cases, a basestation 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2Dcommunications. In other cases, D2D communications are carried outindependent of a base station 105.

Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low cost or lowcomplexity devices, and may provide for automated communication betweenmachines, i.e., Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication. M2M or MTC mayrefer to data communication technologies that allow devices tocommunicate with one another or a base station without humanintervention. For example, M2M or MTC may refer to communications fromdevices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or captureinformation and relay that information to a central server orapplication program that can make use of the information or present theinformation to humans interacting with the program or application. SomeUEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automatedbehavior of machines. Examples of applications for MTC devices includesmart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipmentmonitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather andgeological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remotesecurity sensing, physical access control, and transaction-basedbusiness charging.

In some cases, an MTC device may operate using half-duplex (one-way)communications at a reduced peak rate. MTC devices may also beconfigured to enter a power saving “deep sleep” mode when not engagingin active communications. In some cases, MTC or IoT devices may bedesigned to support mission critical functions and wirelesscommunication system may be configured to provide ultra-reliablecommunications for these functions.

Base stations 105 may communicate with the core network 130 and with oneanother. For example, base stations 105 may interface with the corenetwork 130 through backhaul links 132 (e.g., S1, etc.). Base stations105 may communicate with one another over backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2,etc.) either directly or indirectly (e.g., through core network 130).Base stations 105 may perform radio configuration and scheduling forcommunication with UEs 115, or may operate under the control of a basestation controller (not shown). In some examples, base stations 105 maybe macro cells, small cells, hot spots, or the like. Base stations 105may also be referred to as eNodeBs (eNBs) or gNodeBs (gNBs).

A base station 105 may be connected by an S1 interface to the corenetwork 130. The core network may be an evolved packet core (EPC), whichmay include at least one mobility management entity (MME), at least oneserving gateway (S-GW), and at least one Packet Data Network (PDN)gateway (P-GW). The MME may be the control node that processes thesignaling between the UE 115 and the EPC. All user Internet Protocol(IP) packets may be transferred through the S-GW, which itself may beconnected to the P-GW. The P-GW may provide IP address allocation aswell as other functions. The P-GW may be connected to the networkoperators IP services. The operators IP services may include theInternet, the Intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), and aPacket-Switched (PS).

The core network 130 may provide user authentication, accessauthorization, tracking, IP connectivity, and other access, routing, ormobility functions. At least some of the network devices, such as basestation 105 may include subcomponents such as an access network entity,which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each accessnetwork entity may communicate with a number of UEs 115 through a numberof other access network transmission entities, each of which may be anexample of a smart radio head, or a transmission/reception point (TRP).In some configurations, various functions of each access network entityor base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices(e.g., radio heads and access network controllers) or consolidated intoa single network device (e.g., a base station 105).

At times, a UE 115 may perform an initial access (acquisition) procedurewith a base station 105, synchronize with a base station 105, or measuresignals transmitted by a base station 105. When performing the initialaccess procedure (or synchronizing, or performing measurements), the UE115 may search a wireless spectrum for a SS block transmitted by thebase station 105. The SS block may include information usable by the UE115 to synchronize the UE 115 with the base station 105, so that the UE115 may communicate with the base station 105 (or over a network towhich the base station 105 provides access). After synchronizing withthe base station 105, the UE 115 may initiate a random access procedurewith the base station 105 by transmitting a random access preamble tothe base station 105.

FIG. 2 shows an example timeline 200 of SS blocks 205 within a periodicBCH TTI, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.The SS blocks 205 may be transmitted by a base station, which basestation may be an example of aspects of one or more of the base stations105 described with reference to FIG. 1. A UE may receive one or more ofthe SS blocks 205. The UE may be an example of aspects of one or more ofthe UEs 115 described with reference to FIG. 1.

The SS blocks 205 may include a plurality of SS blocks 205 transmittedin succession during a SS block burst 210. A SS block burst 210 mayinclude L SS blocks 205. In some examples, the SS blocks 205 within a SSblock burst 210 may be transmitted on different beams using a beamsweep. In other examples, the SS blocks 205 within a SS block burst 210may be transmitted on a same beam, or in an omnidirectional manner. Insome examples, a SS block 205 may include a TSS and one or more of aPSS, a SSS, or a PBCH. In some examples, the PBCH may carry a masterinformation block (MIB) and the TSS. The TSS may convey a SS block indexor other timing information. In an example, the TSS may be a set ofcoded bits to be sent using modulation symbols, where the coded bitsencode at least an SS block index. In some examples, the coded bits mayinclude one or more other parameters of a beam sweep configuration of abase station 105. The one or more parameters may include a periodicityof burst set, a number of beams in the burst set, or the like. In someexamples, the burst set may be defined as the set of beams transmittedperiodically and carrying SS blocks 205 in a coverage are of basestation 105.

A SS block index may indicate a timing of a TSS (or SS block 205) withina sequence of SS blocks 205 (e.g., a timing of a TSS (or SS block 205)within a SS block burst 210). A SS block index may thus also indicate atiming of a SS block 205 within a SS block burst-set 215 and within aBCH TTI 220 (although in some cases, other timing information may needto be combined with the timing indicated by a SS block index to fullydetermine a timing of a SS block 205 within a SS block burst-set 215 orBCH TTI 220). In some examples, a SS block index may also indicate abeam on which a SS block 205 is transmitted. In some examples, a SSblock index may be encoded in a waveform signature of a TSS (e.g., theSS block index may be sequence-based) or included in at least onemodulation symbol in the TSS (e.g., the SS block index may bemessage-based). In some examples, the SSS of a SS block 205 may be basedat least in part on a physical cell identity (PCI) of the base stationthat transmitted the SS block 205.

A plurality of SS blocks bursts 210 may be transmitted within a SS blockburst-set 215. In some examples, the SS block bursts 210 in a SS blockburst-set 215 may be associated with different PBCH redundancy versions(RVs). In some cases, a SS block burst-set 215 may include n SS blockbursts 210. The SS block bursts 210 within a SS block burst-set 215 maybe separated in time.

A plurality of SS block burst-sets 215 may be transmitted within the BCHTTI 220. For purposes of this disclosure, a BCH TTI is defined toinclude any time interval in which a plurality of SS blocks aretransmitted with the same system information, regardless of whether theSS blocks are allocated to SS block bursts 210 or SS block burst-sets215. In some examples, the SS block burst-sets 215 in a BCH TTI 220 maybe associated with different SSSs. In some cases, a BCH TTI 220 mayinclude m SS block burst-sets 215.

When m=2, n=4, and L=14, the number of SS blocks 205 transmitted withinthe BCH TTI 220 may be 112 (e.g., m·n·L=112). In other examples, thevalues of m, n, and L may be higher or lower. Regardless, a UE thatreceives one of the SS blocks 205 may need to determine the timing ofthe SS block 205 within a SS block burst 210, a SS block burst-set 215,and/or a BCH TTI 220.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a mmW wireless communication system 300, inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The mmWwireless communication system 300 may include a base station 305 and aUE 315, which may be examples of aspects of one or more of the basestations 105 or UEs 115 described with reference to FIG. 1.

To overcome signal attenuation and path losses at mmW frequencies, thebase station 305 and UE 315 may communicate with one another on one ormore beams (i.e., directional beams). As shown, the base station 305 maytransmit signals on a plurality of beams 320 (e.g., on differentdirectional beams 320, including, for example, a first beam 320-a, asecond beam 320-b, a third beam 320-c, a fourth beam 320-d, a fifth beam320-e, and a sixth beam 320-f). In other examples, the base station 305may transmit on more or fewer beams 320.

In some examples, the base station 305 may transmit a SS block on eachof the beams 320, and the UE 315 may receive the SS block on one of thebeams 320. The UE 315 may determine the timing of the SS block, and abeam 320 on which the SS block is received, to acquire a network towhich the base station 305 provides access. In some examples, the UE 315may determine the timing of the SS block and/or identify the beam 320 onwhich the SS block is received based at least in part on a SS blockindex conveyed by a TSS included in the SS block.

FIGS. 4-7 show examples of time-frequency plots for SS blocks havingvarious configurations.

FIG. 4 shows an example time-frequency plot 400 of a SS block 405, inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The SS block405 includes a PSS 410, SSS 415, first portion of a PBCH 420-a, TSS 425,and second portion of the PBCH 420-b that are time division multiplexedon a same set of one or more frequency subcarriers and transmitted inthe order shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 5 shows an example time-frequency plot 500 of a SS block 505, inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The SS block505 includes a PSS 520, SSS 525, and second portion of a PBCH 510-b thatare time division multiplexed on a same set of one or more frequencysubcarriers and transmitted in the order shown in FIG. 5. The SS block505 may also include a first portion of the PBCH 510-a and a TSS 515that are frequency division multiplexed and transmitted before the PSS520. The TSS 515 is therefore transmitted on a first set of one or morefrequency subcarriers that overlaps a second set of frequencysubcarriers on which the PSS 520, SSS 525, and PBCH 510 are transmitted.

FIG. 6 shows an example time-frequency plot 600 of a SS block 605, inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The SS block605 includes a PSS 610, first portion of a PBCH 615-a, SSS 620, TSS 625,and second portion of the PBCH 615-b that are time division multiplexedand transmitted in the order shown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 7 shows an example time-frequency plot 700 of a SS block 705, inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The SS block705 includes a PSS 710 and SSS 715 that are time division multiplexedand transmitted over a range of frequency subcarriers (or resourceblocks) in the order shown in FIG. 7. The SS block 705 may also includea TSS transmitted on a first set of frequency subcarriers that isinterleaved with a second set of frequency subcarriers on which the PBCHis transmitted. The interleaved frequency subcarriers 720-a and 720-b onwhich the TSS and PBCH are transmitted may be frequency divisionmultiplexed with the PSS 710 and SSS 715, and in some cases, theinterleaved frequency subcarriers 720-a and 720-b on which the TSS andPBCH are transmitted may include frequency subcarriers on either end ofthe range of frequency subcarriers over which the PSS 710 and SSS 715are transmitted.

In some examples, the TSS described with reference to any of FIGS. 2 and4-7 may be based at least in part on a timing of the TSS within a BCHTTI and/or based at least in part on a SS block index associated with aSS block in which the TSS is transmitted. The SS block index mayindicate the timing of the TSS within a BCH TTI (e.g., the SS blockindex may partially or fully indicate the timing of the TSS within theBCH TTI). The TSS may be transmitted (used) as a DMRS for a PBCH, on atleast one port used to transmit the TSS and the PBCH. For example, theTSS may be coherently transmitted from the same port used to transmit atransmission via the PBCH. In the examples shown in FIGS. 4-6, the SSSmay also be transmitted (used) as a DMRS for the PBCH, on at least oneport used to transmit the SSS and the PBCH. For example, the SSS may becoherently transmitted from the same port used to transmit atransmission via the PBCH. In some examples, the TSS and PBCH may betransmitted within a same SS block. In other examples, the TSS and PBCHmay not be transmitted in a same SS block.

In some examples, the SSS described with reference to any of FIGS. 2, 4,and 6 may be transmitted (used) as a DMRS for a TSS, on at least oneport used to transmit the SSS and the TSS. Equivalently, the TSS may betransmitted/detected coherently with the SSS. The TSS may be based atleast in part on a timing of the TSS within a BCH TTI and/or based atleast in part on a SS block index associated with a SS block in whichthe TSS is transmitted. The SSS may also be transmitted (used) as a DMRSfor a PBCH, on at least one port used to transmit the SSS and the PBCH.In some examples, the TSS and PBCH may be transmitted within a same SSblock. In other examples, the TSS and PBCH may not be transmitted in aSS block.

In some examples, a DMRS transmitted in an SS block described withreference to any of FIGS. 2, 4, 6, and 7 may be transmitted (used) as aDMRS for both a TSS and a PBCH transmitted in the SS block. In theexamples described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6, the DMRS may includethe SSS.

In some examples, a TSS may be message-based and include at least onemodulation symbol in which a SS block index is encoded. The at least onemodulation symbol may include, for example, a QPSK symbol or a BPSKsymbol. In some examples, the SS block index may be encoded in the atleast one modulation symbol using a polar code, or a Reed-Mueller code,or a Golay code, or a TBCC. In some examples, a cyclic redundancy check(CRC) for the SS block index may be encoded in the at least onemodulation symbol, and may be used by a UE to verify the SS block index.In an example, information bits of the TSS indicating the SS block indexmay be encoded using a Polar code, or a Reed-Muller code, or a Golaycode, or a TBCC, or the like, and a CRC algorithm may be performed onthe information bits to generate a CRC for the SS block index. One ormore bits of the CRC may be attached to the information bits to form abit sequence for encoding (e.g., polar encoding, etc.). The CRC alongwith the SS block index may be encoded in at least one modulationsymbol. The UE 315 may use the CRC to verify whether decoding of the SSblock index is successful. In some examples, the information bits mayindicate at least one parameter of a beam sweep configuration used totransmit/receive a plurality of SS blocks, such as, for example, anumber of beams in a SS block burst set, or a periodicity of the SSblock burst set, or the like, or a combination thereof.

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of an apparatus 805 for use in wirelesscommunication, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure. The apparatus 805 may be an example of aspects of one ormore of the UEs described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. The apparatus805 may include a receiver 810, a UE wireless communication manager 815,and a transmitter 820. The apparatus 805 may also include a processor.Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g.,via one or more buses).

The receiver 810 may receive data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions), some or all of which may be associated withvarious information channels (e.g., data channels, control channels,etc.). Received signals or information, or measurements performedthereon, may be passed to other components of the apparatus 805. Thereceiver 810 may include one or a plurality of antennas.

The transmitter 820 may transmit data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions) generated by other components of the apparatus805, some or all of which may be associated with various informationchannels (e.g., data channels, control channels, etc.). In someexamples, the transmitter 820 may be collocated with the receiver 810 ina transceiver. For example, the transmitter 820 and receiver 810 may bean example of aspects of the transceiver(s) 1830 described withreference to FIG. 18. The transmitter 820 may include one or a pluralityof antennas, which may be separate from (or shared with) the one or moreantennas used by the receiver 810.

The UE wireless communication manager 815 and/or at least some of itsvarious sub-components may be implemented in hardware, software executedby a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented insoftware executed by a processor, the functions of the UE wirelesscommunication manager 815 and/or at least some of its varioussub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a digitalsignal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmablelogic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardwarecomponents, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functionsdescribed in the present disclosure.

The UE wireless communication manager 815 and/or at least some of itsvarious sub-components may be physically located at various positions,including being distributed such that portions of functions areimplemented at different physical locations by one or more physicaldevices. In some examples, the UE wireless communication manager 815and/or at least some of its various sub-components may be a separate anddistinct component in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure. In other examples, the UE wireless communication manager 815and/or at least some of its various sub-components may be combined withone or more other hardware components, including but not limited to anI/O component, a transceiver, another computing device, one or moreother components described in the present disclosure, or a combinationthereof, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.The UE wireless communication manager 815 may be used to receive one ormore of the SS blocks described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4-7, andto determine the timing of a SS block from a TSS included in the SSblock. The TSS may be based at least in part on a SS block indexassociated with the SS block. In some examples, the UE wirelesscommunication manager 815 may be used to receive a TSS that is outsideof a SS block and based at least in part on a timing of the TSS within aBCH TTI.

FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a wireless device 905 that supportscommunication of an SS block index in a timing synchronization signal inaccordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Wireless device 905may be an example of aspects of a wireless device 805 or a UE asdescribed with reference to FIG. 8. Wireless device 905 may includereceiver 910, UE wireless communications manager 915, and transmitter920. Wireless device 905 may also include a processor. Each of thesecomponents may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one ormore buses).

Receiver 910 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to timingsynchronization, for example. Information may be passed on to othercomponents of the device. The receiver 910 may be an example of aspectsof the transceiver 1830 described with reference to FIG. 18. Thereceiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

Transmitter 920 may transmit signals generated by other components ofthe device. In some examples, the transmitter 920 may be collocated witha receiver 910 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 920may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1835 described withreference to FIG. 18. The transmitter 920 may utilize a single antennaor a set of antennas.

UE wireless communication manager 915 may be an example of aspects ofthe UE wireless communication manager described with reference to FIG.8. The UE wireless communication manager 915 may include a BCH TTIreception manager 925, a synchronization manager 930, a PBCH demodulator935, an optional SS block reception manager 940, and optional beamidentifier 945. Each of these components may communicate, directly orindirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

In a first example of the UE wireless communication manager 915, the BCHTTI reception manager 925 may be used to receive a TSS and a PBCH, asdescribed for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The TSS may be basedat least in part on a timing of the TSS within a BCH TTI. Thesynchronization manager 930 may be used to determine the timing of theTSS within the BCH TTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS.2-7. The PBCH demodulator 935 may be used to demodulate the PBCH basedat least in part on the TSS, as described herein and for example withreference to FIGS. 2-7.

In a second example of the UE wireless communication manager 915, theBCH TTI reception manager 925 or SS block reception manager 940 may beused to receive a SS block that includes a TSS and a PBCH, as describedfor example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The TSS may be based at leastin part on a SS block index associated with the SS block. In someexamples, the TSS may be based at least in part on the SS block indexbecause the SS block index is encoded in a waveform signature of theTSS, or because the SS block index is included in at least onemodulation symbol in the TSS. The SS block index may indicate the timingof the TSS within a BCH TTI, and may thus indicate the timing of the SSblock within the BCH TTI. In some examples, the SS block may furtherinclude a PSS and a SSS. The SSS may be based at least in part on a PCIof the base station. In some examples, the SS block may be one SS blockin a plurality of SS blocks within the BCH TTI. In some examples, theTSS may include at least one modulation symbol. In some examples the atleast one modulation symbol may include a QPSK symbol or a BPSK symbol.

Also in the second example of the UE wireless communication manager 915,the synchronization manager 930 may be used to determine, based at leastin part on the SS block index, the timing of the SS block, and thus thetiming of the TSS, within the BCH TTI, as described for example withreference to FIGS. 2-7. The PBCH demodulator 935 may be used todemodulate the PBCH based at least in part on the TSS, as describedherein and for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. For example, the TSSmay be transmitted as a DMRS for the PBCH. The PBCH demodulator 935determine a signal to noise ratio (SNR) and/or a signal to noise plusinterference ratio (SINR) for the TSS transmitted via a wirelesschannel, and use the determined SNR and/or SINR for demodulating thePBCH. In another example, the PBCH demodulator 935 may use the TSS togenerate a channel estimate (e.g., estimate of a phase shift caused tothe TSS by transmission via a wireless channel), and use the channelestimate for demodulating the PBCH. When the SS block includes a PSS anda SSS, the PBCH may be further demodulated based at least in part on theSSS. The beam identifier 945 may optionally be used to identify, basedat least in part on the SS block index, a beam on which the SS block istransmitted, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. TheTSS payload decoder 950 may be used to decode a SS block index encodedin the at least one modulation symbol, as described for example withreference to FIGS. 2-7.

In some examples, receiving the TSS and the PBCH may include receivingthe TSS time division multiplexed with the PBCH on a same set of one ormore frequency subcarriers. In some of these examples, the SS block mayfurther include a PSS and a SSS, and receiving the TSS, the SSS, and thePBCH may include receiving the PBCH and the TSS after the SSS.

In some examples, receiving the TSS and the PBCH may include receivingthe TSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriers thatoverlaps a second set of one or more frequency subcarriers on which thePBCH is received. The first set of one or more frequency subcarriers maybe different from the second set of one or more frequency subcarriers.In some examples, receiving the TSS and the PBCH may further includereceiving the TSS frequency division multiplexed with at least a portionof the PBCH. In some examples, the SS block may further include a PSSand a SSS, and receiving the SSS and the PBCH may include receiving asecond portion of the PBCH after the SSS.

In some examples, receiving the TSS and the PBCH may include receivingthe TSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriers that isinterleaved with a second set of one or more frequency subcarriers onwhich the PBCH is received. In some of these examples, the SS block mayfurther include a PSS and a SSS, and receiving the TSS, the PSS, theSSS, and the PBCH may include receiving the PSS and the SSS frequencydivision multiplexed with the interleaved TSS and PBCH.

In some examples, the PBCH may be received based at least in part on theSS block index, and the UE wireless communication manager 915 may decodethe PBCH based at least in part on the SS block index.

FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a wireless device 1005 thatsupports communication of an SS block index in a timing synchronizationsignal in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Wirelessdevice 1005 may be an example of aspects of a wireless device 805 or aUE as described with reference to FIG. 8. Wireless device 1005 mayinclude receiver 1010, UE wireless communications manager 1015, andtransmitter 1020. Wireless device 1005 may also include a processor.Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g.,via one or more buses).

Receiver 1010 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to timingsynchronization, for example. Information may be passed on to othercomponents of the device. The receiver 1010 may be an example of aspectsof the transceiver 1830 described with reference to FIG. 18. Thereceiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

Transmitter 1020 may transmit signals generated by other components ofthe device. In some examples, the transmitter 1020 may be collocatedwith a receiver 910 in a transceiver module. For example, thetransmitter 1020 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1835described with reference to FIG. 18. The transmitter 1020 may utilize asingle antenna or a set of antennas.

The UE wireless communication manager 1015 may be an example of aspectsof the UE wireless communication manager described with reference toFIG. 8. The UE wireless communication manager 1015 may include a BCH TTIreception manager 1025, an optional SS block reception manager 1030, asynchronization manager 1035, a TSS demodulator 1040, an optional beamidentifier 1045, and an optional PBCH demodulator 1050. Each of thesecomponents may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another(e.g., via one or more buses).

The BCH TTI reception manager 1025 or SS block reception manager 1030may be used to receive a SS block that includes a TSS, a PSS, and a SSS,as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The TSS maybe based at least in part on a SS block index associated with the SSblock. In some examples, the TSS may be based at least in part on the SSblock index because the SS block index is encoded in a waveformsignature of the TSS, or because the SS block index is included in atleast one modulation symbol in the TSS. The SS block index may indicatethe timing of the TSS within a BCH TTI, and may thus indicate the timingof the SS block within the BCH TTI. In some examples, the SSS may bebased at least in part on a PCI of the base station. In some examples,the SS block may be one SS block in a plurality of SS blocks within theBCH TTI.

The synchronization manager 1035 may be used to determine, based atleast in part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block within theBCH TTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6.

The TSS demodulator 1040 may be used to demodulate the TSS based atleast in part on the SSS, as described herein and for example withreference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. For example, the SSS may be transmitted asa DMRS for the TSS. The TSS demodulator 1040 may determine a signal tonoise ratio (SNR) and/or a signal to noise plus interference ratio(SINR) for the SSS transmitted via a wireless channel, and use thedetermined SNR and/or SINR for demodulating the TSS. In another example,the TSS demodulator 1040 may use the SSS to generate a channel estimate(e.g., estimate of a phase shift caused to the SSS by transmission via awireless channel), and use the channel estimate for demodulating theTSS.

The beam identifier 1045 may be used to identify, based at least in parton the SS block index, a beam on which the SS block is transmitted, asdescribed for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6.

The PBCH demodulator 1050 may be used to demodulate a PBCH based atleast in part on the SSS, when the SS block includes the PBCH, asdescribed herein and for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6.

When the SS block includes a PBCH, and in some examples, the BCH TTIreception manager 1025 or SS block reception manager 1030 may be used toreceive the PBCH based at least in part on the SS block index, and theUE wireless communication manager 1015 may decode the PBCH, based atleast in part on the SS block index.

FIG. 11 shows a block diagram 1100 of a wireless device 1105 thatsupports communication of an SS block index in a timing synchronizationsignal in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Wirelessdevice 1105 may be an example of aspects of a wireless device 805 or aUE as described with reference to FIG. 8. Wireless device 1105 mayinclude receiver 1110, UE wireless communications manager 1115, andtransmitter 1120. Wireless device 1105 may also include a processor.Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g.,via one or more buses).

Receiver 1110 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to timingsynchronization, for example. Information may be passed on to othercomponents of the device. The receiver 1110 may be an example of aspectsof the transceiver 1830 described with reference to FIG. 18. Thereceiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

Transmitter 1120 may transmit signals generated by other components ofthe device. In some examples, the transmitter 1120 may be collocatedwith a receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. For example, thetransmitter 1120 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1835described with reference to FIG. 18. The transmitter 1120 may utilize asingle antenna or a set of antennas.

The UE wireless communication manager 1115 may be an example of aspectsof the UE wireless communication manager described with reference toFIG. 8. The UE wireless communication manager 1115 may include a SSblock reception manager 1125, a TSS payload decoder 1130, and asynchronization manager 1135. Each of these components may communicate,directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

The SS block reception manager 1125 may be used to receive a SS blockthat includes a TSS, as described for example with reference to FIGS.2-7. The TSS may include at least one modulation symbol. In someexamples, the at least one modulation symbol may include a QPSK symbolor a BPSK symbol. In some examples, the SS block may also include a PSS,a SSS, and/or a PBCH. In some examples, the SSS may be based at least inpart on a PCI of the base station. In some examples, the SS block may beone SS block in a plurality of SS blocks within a BCH TTI.

The TSS payload decoder 1130 may be used to decode a SS block indexencoded in the at least one modulation symbol, as described for examplewith reference to FIGS. 2-7. The SS block index may indicate the timingof the TSS within a BCH TTI, and may thus indicate the timing of the SSblock within the BCH TTI. In some examples, the SS block index may beencoded in the at least one modulation symbol using a polar code, or aReed-Mueller code, or a Golay code, or a TBCC. The TSS payload decoder1130 may also be used to decode, from the at least one modulationsymbol, at least one parameter of a beam sweep configuration used toreceive a plurality of SS blocks, including the SS block, within the BCHTTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. In someexamples, the at least one parameter of the beam sweep configuration mayinclude a number of beams in a SS block burst-set, or a periodicity ofthe SS block burst-set, or a combination thereof.

The synchronization manager 1135 may be used to identify, based at leastin part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block within a BCHTTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7.

FIG. 12 shows a block diagram 1200 of a wireless device 1205 thatsupports communication of an SS block index in a timing synchronizationsignal in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Wirelessdevice 1205 may be an example of aspects of a wireless device 805 or aUE as described with reference to FIG. 8. Wireless device 1205 mayinclude receiver 1210, UE wireless communications manager 1215, andtransmitter 1220. Wireless device 1205 may also include a processor.Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g.,via one or more buses).

Receiver 1210 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to timingsynchronization, for example. Information may be passed on to othercomponents of the device. The receiver 1210 may be an example of aspectsof the transceiver 1830 described with reference to FIG. 18. Thereceiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

Transmitter 1220 may transmit signals generated by other components ofthe device. In some examples, the transmitter 1220 may be collocatedwith a receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. For example, thetransmitter 1220 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1835described with reference to FIG. 18. The transmitter 1220 may utilize asingle antenna or a set of antennas.

The UE wireless communication manager 1215 may be an example of aspectsof the UE wireless communication manager described with reference toFIG. 8. The UE wireless communication manager 1215 may include a BCH TTIreception manager 1225, an optional SS block reception manager 1230, ademodulator 1235, and a synchronization manager 1240. Each of thesecomponents may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another(e.g., via one or more buses).

The BCH TTI reception manager 1225 or SS block reception manager 1230may be used to receive a SS block that includes a TSS and a PBCH, asdescribed for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The TSS may bebased at least in part on a SS block index associated with the SS block.In some examples, the TSS may be based at least in part on the SS blockindex because the SS block index is encoded in a waveform signature ofthe TSS, or because the SS block index is included in at least onemodulation symbol in the TSS. The SS block index may indicate the timingof the TSS within a BCH TTI, and may thus indicate the timing of the SSblock within the BCH TTI. In some examples, the SS block may furtherinclude a PSS and a SSS. In some examples, the SSS may be based at leastin part on a PCI of the base station. In some examples, the SS block maybe one SS block in a plurality of SS blocks within the BCH TTI.

The demodulator 1235 may be used to demodulate the TSS and the PBCHbased at least in part on a same DMRS, as described herein and forexample with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. In some examples, the DMRSmay be a SSS included in the SS block.

The synchronization manager 1240 may be used to identify, based at leastin part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block within a BCHTTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6.

FIG. 13 shows a block diagram 1300 of an apparatus 1305 that supportscommunication of an SS block index in a timing synchronization signal inaccordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The apparatus 1305may be an example of aspects of one or more of the base stationsdescribed with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. The apparatus 1305 mayinclude a receiver 1310, a base station wireless communication manager1315, and a transmitter 1320. The apparatus 1305 may also include aprocessor. Each of these components may be in communication with oneanother (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 1310 may receive data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions), some or all of which may be associated withvarious information channels (e.g., data channels, control channels,etc.). Received signals or information, or measurements performedthereon, may be passed to other components of the apparatus 1305. Thereceiver 1310 may include one or a plurality of antennas.

The transmitter 1320 may transmit data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions) generated by other components of the apparatus1305, some or all of which may be associated with various informationchannels (e.g., data channels, control channels, etc.). In someexamples, the transmitter 1320 may be collocated with the receiver 1310in a transceiver. For example, the transmitter 1320 and receiver 1310may be an example of aspects of the transceiver(s) 1950 described withreference to FIG. 19. The transmitter 1320 may include one or aplurality of antennas, which may be separate from (or shared with) theone or more antennas used by the receiver 1310.

The base station wireless communication manager 1315 and/or at leastsome of its various sub-components may be implemented in hardware,software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof.If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions of thebase station wireless communication manager 1315 and/or at least some ofits various sub-components may be executed by a general-purposeprocessor, a DSP, an ASIC, a FPGA or other programmable logic device,discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or anycombination thereof designed to perform the functions described in thepresent disclosure.

The base station wireless communication manager 1315 and/or at leastsome of its various sub-components may be physically located at variouspositions, including being distributed such that portions of functionsare implemented at different physical locations by one or more physicaldevices. In some examples, the base station wireless communicationmanager 1315 and/or at least some of its various sub-components may be aseparate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure. In other examples, the base station wirelesscommunication manager 1315 and/or at least some of its varioussub-components may be combined with one or more other hardwarecomponents, including but not limited to an I/O component, atransceiver, another computing device, one or more other componentsdescribed in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof, inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The basestation wireless communication manager 1315 may be used to transmit oneor more of the SS blocks described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4-7. ASS block may include a TSS based at least in part on a SS block indexassociated with the SS block. In some examples, the base stationwireless communication manager 1315 may be used to transmit a TSS thatis outside of a SS block and based at least in part on a timing of theTSS within a BCH TTI.

FIG. 14 shows a block diagram 1400 of an apparatus 1405 that supportscommunication of an SS block index in a timing synchronization signal inaccordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The apparatus 1305may be an example of aspects of one or more of the base stationsdescribed with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. The apparatus 1405 mayinclude a receiver 1410, a base station wireless communication manager1415, and a transmitter 1420. The apparatus 1405 may also include aprocessor. Each of these components may be in communication with oneanother (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 1410 may receive data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions), some or all of which may be associated withvarious information channels (e.g., data channels, control channels,etc.). Received signals or information, or measurements performedthereon, may be passed to other components of the apparatus 1405. Thereceiver 1410 may include one or a plurality of antennas.

The transmitter 1420 may transmit data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions) generated by other components of the apparatus1405, some or all of which may be associated with various informationchannels (e.g., data channels, control channels, etc.). In someexamples, the transmitter 1420 may be collocated with the receiver 1410in a transceiver. For example, the transmitter 1420 and receiver 1410may be an example of aspects of the transceiver(s) 1950 described withreference to FIG. 19. The transmitter 1420 may include one or aplurality of antennas, which may be separate from (or shared with) theone or more antennas used by the receiver 1410.

The base station wireless communication manager 1415 may be an exampleof aspects of the base station wireless communication manager describedwith reference to FIG. 13. The base station wireless communicationmanager 1415 may include a BCH TTI resource allocator 1425, a TSSdeterminer 1430, a BCH TTI transmission manager 1435, and an optional SSblock transmission manager 1440. Each of these components maycommunicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one ormore buses).

In a first example of the base station wireless communication manager1415, the BCH TTI resource allocator 1425 may be used to allocateresources for a TSS and a PBCH within a BCH TTI, as described forexample with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The TSS determiner 1430 may be usedto determine the TSS based at least in part on a timing of the TSSwithin the BCH TTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS.2-7. The BCH TTI transmission manager 1435 may be used to transmit, onthe resources allocated for the TSS and the PBCH, the TSS and the PBCH,as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The TSS may betransmitted as a DMRS for the PBCH on at least one port used to transmitthe TSS and the PBCH.

In a second example of the base station wireless communication manager1415, the BCH TTI resource allocator 1425 may be used to allocateresources for a SS block within a BCH TTI, as described for example withreference to FIGS. 2-7. The SS block may include a TSS and a PBCH, andthus, resources may be allocated for the TSS and the PBCH in the SSblock. In some examples, the SS block may also include a PSS and a SSS,and resources may be allocated for the PSS and the SSS in the SS block.The SSS may be determined based at least in part on a PCI of the basestation. In some examples, the SS block may be one SS block in aplurality of SS blocks transmitted (e.g., by the base station) withinthe BCH TTI.

Also in the second example of the base station wireless communicationmanager 1415, the TSS determiner 1430 may be used to determine the TSSbased at least in part on a timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI, asdescribed for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The timing of the TSSmay be based at least in part on a SS block index associated with the SSblock. The SS block index may indicate the timing of the TSS within theBCH TTI, and thus, the TSS may be determined based at least in part onthe SS block index. In some examples, the TSS may be determined based atleast in part on the SS block index by encoding the SS block index in awaveform signature of the TSS, or by including the SS block index in atleast one modulation symbol in the TSS. In some examples, the SS blockindex may further identify a beam on which the SS block is transmitted.

In some examples, the TSS payload encoder 1445 may be used to encode aSS block index in at least one modulation symbol, as described forexample with reference to FIGS. 2-7. In some examples, the at least onemodulation symbol may include a QPSK symbol or a BPSK symbol.

Also in the second example of the base station wireless communicationmanager 1415, the BCH TTI transmission manager 1435 or SS blocktransmission manager 1440 may be used to transmit, on the resourcesallocated for the SS block, the TSS and the PBCH, as described forexample with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The TSS may be transmitted as aDMRS for the PBCH on at least one port used to transmit the TSS and thePBCH. In some examples, the SSS may be transmitted as an additional DMRSfor the PBCH, on at least one port used to transmit the SSS and thePBCH. In some examples, the PBCH may be transmitted based at least inpart on the SS block index for the SS block.

In some examples, transmitting the TSS and the PBCH may includetransmitting the TSS time division multiplexed with the PBCH on a sameset of one or more frequency subcarriers. In some of these examples, theSS block may further include a PSS and a SSS, and transmitting the TSS,the SSS, and the PBCH may include transmitting the PBCH and the TSSafter the SSS.

In some examples, transmitting the TSS and the PBCH may includetransmitting the TSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriersthat overlaps a second set of one or more frequency subcarriers on whichthe PBCH is transmitted. The first set of one or more frequencysubcarriers may be different from the second set of one or morefrequency subcarriers. In some examples, transmitting the TSS and thePBCH may further include transmitting the TSS frequency divisionmultiplexed with at least a portion of the PBCH. In some examples, theSS block may further include a PSS and a SSS, and transmitting the SSSand the PBCH may include transmitting a second portion of the PBCH afterthe SSS.

In some examples, transmitting the TSS and the PBCH may includetransmitting the TSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriersthat is interleaved with a second set of one or more frequencysubcarriers on which the PBCH is transmitted. In some of these examples,the SS block may further include a PSS and a SSS, and transmitting theTSS, the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH may include transmitting the PSS andthe SSS frequency division multiplexed with the interleaved TSS andPBCH.

FIG. 15 shows a block diagram 1500 of an apparatus 1505 that supportscommunication of an SS block index in a timing synchronization signal inaccordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The apparatus 1505may be an example of aspects of one or more of the base stationsdescribed with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. The apparatus 1505 mayinclude a receiver 1510, a base station wireless communication manager1515, and a transmitter 1520. The apparatus 1505 may also include aprocessor. Each of these components may be in communication with oneanother (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 1510 may receive data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions), some or all of which may be associated withvarious information channels (e.g., data channels, control channels,etc.). Received signals or information, or measurements performedthereon, may be passed to other components of the apparatus 1505. Thereceiver 1510 may include one or a plurality of antennas.

The transmitter 1520 may transmit data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions) generated by other components of the apparatus1505, some or all of which may be associated with various informationchannels (e.g., data channels, control channels, etc.). In someexamples, the transmitter 1520 may be collocated with the receiver 1510in a transceiver. For example, the transmitter 1520 and receiver 1510may be an example of aspects of the transceiver(s) 1950 described withreference to FIG. 19. The transmitter 1520 may include one or aplurality of antennas, which may be separate from (or shared with) theone or more antennas used by the receiver 1510.

The base station wireless communication manager 1515 may be an exampleof aspects of the base station wireless communication manager describedwith reference to FIG. 13. The base station wireless communicationmanager 1515 may include a SS block resource allocator 1525, a TSSdeterminer 1530, a BCH TTI transmission manager 1535. an optional SSblock transmission manager 1540. Each of these components maycommunicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one ormore buses).

The SS block resource allocator 1525 may be used to allocate resourcesfor a SS block, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and6. The SS block may include a TSS, a PSS, and a SSS, and thus, resourcesmay be allocated for the TSS, the PSS, and the SSS in the SS block. TheSSS may be determined based at least in part on a PCI of the basestation. In some examples, the SS block may also include a PBCH, andresources may be allocated for the PBCH in the SS block. In someexamples, the SS block may be one SS block in a plurality of SS blockstransmitted (e.g., by the base station) within a BCH TTI.

The TSS determiner 1530 may be used to determine the TSS based at leastin part on a timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI, as described forexample with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The timing of the TSS may bebased at least in part on a SS block index associated with the SS block.The SS block index may indicate the timing of the TSS within the BCHTTI, and thus, the TSS may be determined based at least in part on theSS block index. In some examples, the TSS may be determined based atleast in part on the SS block index by encoding the SS block index in awaveform signature of the TSS, or by including the SS block index in atleast one modulation symbol in the TSS. In some examples, the SS blockindex may further identify a beam on which the SS block is transmitted.

The BCH TTI transmission manager 1535 or SS block transmission manager1540 may be used to transmit, on the resources allocated for the SSblock, the TSS the PSS, and the SSS, as described for example withreference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The SSS may be transmitted as a DMRS forthe TSS on at least one port used to transmit the TSS and the SSS. Whenthe SS block includes a PBCH, the SSS may also be transmitted as a DMRSfor the PBCH, on at least one port used to transmit the SSS and thePBCH. In some examples, the PBCH may be transmitted based at least inpart on the SS block index for the SS block.

When the SS block includes a PBCH, and in some examples, the BCH TTItransmission manager 1535 or SS block transmission manager 1540 may beused to transmit the TSS time division multiplexed with the PBCH on asame set of one or more frequency subcarriers. In some of theseexamples, transmitting the TSS, the SSS, and the PBCH may includetransmitting the PBCH and the TSS after the SSS.

FIG. 16 shows a block diagram 1600 of an apparatus 1605 that supportscommunication of an SS block index in a timing synchronization signal inaccordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The apparatus 1605may be an example of aspects of one or more of the base stationsdescribed with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. The apparatus 1605 mayinclude a receiver 1610, a base station wireless communication manager1615, and a transmitter 1620. The apparatus 1605 may also include aprocessor. Each of these components may be in communication with oneanother (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 1610 may receive data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions), some or all of which may be associated withvarious information channels (e.g., data channels, control channels,etc.). Received signals or information, or measurements performedthereon, may be passed to other components of the apparatus 1605. Thereceiver 1610 may include one or a plurality of antennas.

The transmitter 1620 may transmit data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions) generated by other components of the apparatus1605, some or all of which may be associated with various informationchannels (e.g., data channels, control channels, etc.). In someexamples, the transmitter 1620 may be collocated with the receiver 1610in a transceiver. For example, the transmitter 1620 and receiver 1610may be an example of aspects of the transceiver(s) 1950 described withreference to FIG. 19. The transmitter 1620 may include one or aplurality of antennas, which may be separate from (or shared with) theone or more antennas used by the receiver 1610.

The base station wireless communication manager 1615 may be an exampleof aspects of the base station wireless communication manager describedwith reference to FIG. 13. The base station wireless communicationmanager 1615 may include a SS block resource allocator 1625, a TSSpayload encoder 1630, a SS block transmission manager 1635, or anoptional TSS transmission manager 1640. Each of these components maycommunicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one ormore buses).

The SS block resource allocator 1625 may be used to allocate resourcesfor a SS block, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7.The SS block may include a TSS, a PSS, a SSS, and/or a PBCH, and thus,resources may be allocated for the TSS, the PSS, the SSS, and/or thePBCH in the SS block. The SSS may be determined based at least in parton a PCI of the base station. In some examples, the SS block may be oneSS block in a plurality of SS blocks transmitted (e.g., by the basestation) within a BCH TTI.

The TSS payload encoder 1630 may be used to encode a SS block index inat least one modulation symbol, as described for example with referenceto FIGS. 2-7. In some examples, the at least one modulation symbol mayinclude a QPSK symbol or a BPSK symbol. The SS block index may indicatea timing of the TSS within a BCH TTI, and may thus indicate the timingof the SS block within the BCH TTI. In some examples, the SS block indexmay be encoded in the at least one modulation symbol using a polar code,or a Reed-Mueller code, or a Golay code, or a TBCC. The TSS payloadencoder 1630 may also be used to encode, in the at least one modulationsymbol, at least one parameter of a beam sweep configuration used totransmit a plurality of SS blocks, including the SS block, within theBCH TTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. In someexamples, the at least one parameter of the beam sweep configuration mayinclude a number of beams in a SS block burst-set, or a periodicity ofthe SS block burst-set, or a combination thereof.

The SS bock transmission manager 1635 or TSS transmission manager 1640may be used to transmit, on the resources allocated for the SS block, aTSS that includes the at least one modulation symbol, as described forexample with reference to FIGS. 2-7.

In some examples, the base station wireless communication manager 1615may be used to generate a CRC for the SS block index, and to encode theCRC in the at least one modulation symbol, along with the SS blockindex.

FIG. 17 shows a block diagram 1700 of an apparatus 1705 that supportscommunication of an SS block index in a timing synchronization signal inaccordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The apparatus 1705may be an example of aspects of one or more of the base stationsdescribed with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. The apparatus 1705 mayinclude a receiver 1710, a base station wireless communication manager1715, and a transmitter 1720. The apparatus 1705 may also include aprocessor. Each of these components may be in communication with oneanother (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 1710 may receive data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions), some or all of which may be associated withvarious information channels (e.g., data channels, control channels,etc.). Received signals or information, or measurements performedthereon, may be passed to other components of the apparatus 1705. Thereceiver 1710 may include one or a plurality of antennas.

The transmitter 1720 may transmit data or control signals or information(i.e., transmissions) generated by other components of the apparatus1705, some or all of which may be associated with various informationchannels (e.g., data channels, control channels, etc.). In someexamples, the transmitter 1720 may be collocated with the receiver 1710in a transceiver. For example, the transmitter 1720 and receiver 1710may be an example of aspects of the transceiver(s) 1950 described withreference to FIG. 19. The transmitter 1720 may include one or aplurality of antennas, which may be separate from (or shared with) theone or more antennas used by the receiver 1710.

The base station wireless communication manager 1715 may be an exampleof aspects of the base station wireless communication manager describedwith reference to FIG. 13. The base station wireless communicationmanager 1715 may include a SS block resource allocator 1725, a TSSdeterminer 1730, and a BCH TTI transmission manager 1735. Each of thesecomponents may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another(e.g., via one or more buses).

The SS block resource allocator 1725 may be used to allocate resourcesfor a SS block, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and6. The SS block may include a TSS and a PBCH, and thus, resources may beallocated for the TSS and the PBCH in the SS block. The SS block mayalso include a PSS and a SSS, and resources in the SS block may beallocated for the PSS and the SSS. The SSS may be determined based atleast in part on a PCI of the base station. In some examples, the SSblock may be one SS block in a plurality of SS blocks transmitted (e.g.,by the base station) within a BCH TTI.

The TSS determiner 1730 may be used to determine a TSS based at least inpart on a SS block index associated with the SS block, as described forexample with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The SS block index mayindicate a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI.

The BCH TTI transmission manager 1735 may be used to transmit, on theresources allocated for the SS block, the TSS and the PBCH, as describedfor example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The transmitted SS blockmay include a same DMRS for the TSS and the PBCH on at least one portused to transmit the DMRS, the TSS, and the PBCH. In some examples, theDMRS may include a SSS in the SS block.

FIG. 18 shows a block diagram 1800 of a UE 1815 for use in wirelesscommunication, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure. The UE 1815 may be included or be part of a personalcomputer (e.g., a laptop computer, a netbook computer, a tabletcomputer, etc.), a cellular telephone, a PDA, a digital video recorder(DVR), an internet appliance, a gaming console, an e-reader, a vehicle,a home appliance, a lighting or alarm control system, etc. The UE 1815may, in some examples, have an internal power supply (not shown), suchas a small battery, to facilitate mobile operation. In some examples,the UE 1815 may be an example of aspects of one or more of the UEsdescribed with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3, or aspects of the apparatusdescribed with reference to FIG. 8. The UE 1815 may be configured toimplement at least some of the UE or apparatus techniques or functionsdescribed with reference to FIGS. 1-12.

The UE 1815 may include a processor 1810, a memory 1820, at least onetransceiver (represented by transceiver(s) 1830), antennas 1840 (e.g.,an antenna array), or a UE wireless communication manager 1850. Each ofthese components may be in communication with each other, directly orindirectly, over one or more buses 1835.

The memory 1820 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-onlymemory (ROM). The memory 1820 may store computer-readable,computer-executable code 1825 containing instructions that areconfigured to, when executed, cause the processor 1810 to performvarious functions described herein related to wireless communication,including, for example, receiving a TSS and/or SS blocks. Alternatively,the computer-executable code 1825 may not be directly executable by theprocessor 1810 but be configured to cause the UE 1815 (e.g., whencompiled and executed) to perform various of the functions describedherein.

The processor 1810 may include an intelligent hardware device, e.g., acentral processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, an ASIC, etc. Theprocessor 1810 may process information received through thetransceiver(s) 1830 or information to be sent to the transceiver(s) 1830for transmission through the antennas 1840. The processor 1810 mayhandle, alone or in connection with the UE wireless communicationmanager 1850, one or more aspects of communicating over (or managingcommunications over) one or more radio frequency spectrum bands.

The transceiver(s) 1830 may include a modem configured to modulatepackets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas 1840 fortransmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas 1840.The transceiver(s) 1830 may, in some examples, be implemented as one ormore transmitters and one or more separate receivers. The transceiver(s)1830 may support communications in one or more radio frequency spectrumbands. The transceiver(s) 1830 may be configured to communicatebi-directionally, via the antennas 1840, with one or more base stationsor apparatuses, such as one or more of the base stations described withreference to FIG. 1,3, or 13.

The UE wireless communication manager 1850 may be configured to performor control some or all of the UE or apparatus techniques or functionsdescribed with reference to FIGS. 1-12. The UE wireless communicationmanager 1850, or portions of it, may include a processor, or some or allof the functions of the UE wireless communication manager 1850 may beperformed by the processor 1810 or in connection with the processor1810. In some examples, the UE wireless communication manager 1850 maybe an example of aspects of one or more of the UE wireless communicationmanagers described with reference to FIGS. 8-12.

FIG. 19 shows a block diagram 1900 of a base station 1905 for use inwireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of thepresent disclosure. In some examples, the base station 1905 may be anexample of aspects of one or more of the base stations described withreference to FIGS. 1 and 3, or aspects of the apparatus described withreference to FIG. 13. The base station 1905 may be configured toimplement or facilitate at least some of the base station or apparatustechniques or functions described with reference to FIGS. 1-7 and 13-17.

The base station 1905 may include a processor 1910, a memory 1920, atleast one transceiver (represented by transceiver(s) 1950), at least oneantenna 1955 (e.g., an antenna array), or a base station wirelesscommunication manager 1960. The base station 1905 may also include oneor more of a base station communicator 1930 or a network communicator1940. Each of these components may be in communication with each other,directly or indirectly, over one or more buses 1935.

The memory 1920 may include RAM or ROM. The memory 1920 may storecomputer-readable, computer-executable code 1925 containing instructionsthat are configured to, when executed, cause the processor 1910 toperform various functions described herein related to wirelesscommunication, including, for example, allocating resources for SSblocks and transmitting TSSs in the SS blocks. Alternatively, thecomputer-executable code 1925 may not be directly executable by theprocessor 1910 but be configured to cause the base station 1905 (e.g.,when compiled and executed) to perform various of the functionsdescribed herein.

The processor 1910 may include an intelligent hardware device, e.g., aCPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, etc. The processor 1910 may processinformation received through the transceiver(s) 1950, the base stationcommunicator 1930, or the network communicator 1940. The processor 1910may also process information to be sent to the transceiver(s) 1950 fortransmission through the antennas 1955, or to the base stationcommunicator 1930 for transmission to one or more other base stations(e.g., base station 1905-a and base station 1905-b), or to the networkcommunicator 1940 for transmission to a core network 1945, which may bean example of one or more aspects of the core network 130 described withreference to FIG. 1. The processor 1910 may handle, alone or inconnection with the base station wireless communication manager 1960,one or more aspects of communicating over (or managing communicationsover) one or more radio frequency spectrum bands.

The transceiver(s) 1950 may include a modem configured to modulatepackets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas 1955 fortransmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas 1955.The transceiver(s) 1950 may, in some examples, be implemented as one ormore transmitters and one or more separate receivers. The transceiver(s)1950 may support communications in one or more radio frequency spectrumbands. The transceiver(s) 1950 may be configured to communicatebi-directionally, via the antennas 1955, with one or more UEs orapparatuses, such as one or more of the UEs or apparatus described withreference to FIG. 1, 3, 8, or 18. The base station 1905 may communicatewith the core network 1945 through the network communicator 1940. Thebase station 1905 may also communicate with other base stations, such asthe base station 1905-a and the base station 1905-b, using the basestation communicator 1930.

The base station wireless communication manager 1960 may be configuredto perform or control some or all of the base station or apparatustechniques or functions described with reference to FIGS. 1-7 and 13-17.The base station wireless communication manager 1960, or portions of it,may include a processor, or some or all of the functions of the basestation wireless communication manager 1960 may be performed by theprocessor 1910 or in connection with the processor 1910. In someexamples, the base station wireless communication manager 1960 may be anexample of aspects of one or more of the base station wirelesscommunication managers described with reference to FIGS. 13-17.

FIG. 20 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 2000 forwireless communication at a UE, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure. For clarity, the method 2000 is described belowwith reference to aspects of one or more of the UEs described withreference to FIGS. 1,3, and 18, aspects of the apparatus described withreference to FIG. 8, or aspects of one or more of the UE wirelesscommunication managers described with reference to FIGS. 8-12 and 18. Insome examples, a UE may execute one or more sets of codes to control thefunctional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, the UE may perform one or more of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At block 2005, the method 2000 may include receiving a TSS and a PBCH,as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The TSS may bebased at least in part on a timing of the TSS within a BCH TTI. In someexamples, the operation(s) at block 2005 may be performed using the BCHTTI reception manager 925 described with reference to FIG. 9.

At block 2010, the method 2200 may include determining the timing of theTSS within the BCH TTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS.2-7. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2010 may be performedusing the synchronization manager 930 described with reference to FIG.9.

At block 2015, the method 2000 may include demodulating the PBCH basedat least in part on the TSS, as described for example with reference toFIGS. 2-7. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2015 may beperformed using the PBCH demodulator 935 described with reference toFIG. 9.

FIG. 21 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 2100 forwireless communication at a UE, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure. For clarity, the method 2100 is described belowwith reference to aspects of one or more of the UEs described withreference to FIGS. 1,3, and 18, aspects of the apparatus described withreference to FIG. 8, or aspects of one or more of the UE wirelesscommunication managers described with reference to FIGS. 8-12 and 18. Insome examples, a UE may execute one or more sets of codes to control thefunctional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, the UE may perform one or more of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At block 2105, the method 2100 may include receiving a SS block thatincludes a TSS and a PBCH, as described for example with reference toFIGS. 2-7. The TSS may be based at least in part on a SS block indexassociated with the SS block. In some examples, the TSS may be based atleast in part on the SS block index because the SS block index isencoded in a waveform signature of the TSS, or because the SS blockindex is included in at least one modulation symbol in the TSS. The SSblock index may indicate the timing of the TSS within a BCH TTI, and maythus indicate the timing of the SS block within the BCH TTI. In someexamples, the SS block may further include a PSS and a SSS. The SSS maybe based at least in part on a PCI of the base station. In someexamples, the SS block may be one SS block in a plurality of SS blockswithin the BCH TTI. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2105 maybe performed using the BCH TTI reception manager 925 or SS blockreception manager 940 described with reference to FIG. 9.

At block 2110, the method 2100 may include determining, based at leastin part on the SS block index, the timing of the SS block, and thus thetiming of the TSS, within the BCH TTI, as described for example withreference to FIGS. 2-7. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2110may be performed using the synchronization manager 930 described withreference to FIG. 9.

At block 2115, the method 2100 may include demodulating the PBCH basedat least in part on the TSS, as described for example with reference toFIGS. 2-7. When the SS block includes a PSS and a SSS, the PBCH may befurther demodulated based at least in part on the SSS. In some examples,the operation(s) at block 2115 may be performed using the PBCHdemodulator 935 described with reference to FIG. 9.

At block 2120, the method 2100 may optionally include identifying, basedat least in part on the SS block index, a beam on which the SS block istransmitted, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. Insome examples, the operation(s) at block 2120 may be performed using thebeam identifier 945 described with reference to FIG. 9.

In some examples of the method 2100, receiving the TSS and the PBCH mayinclude receiving the TSS time division multiplexed with the PBCH on asame set of one or more frequency subcarriers. In some of theseexamples, the SS block may further include a PSS and a SSS, andreceiving the TSS, the SSS, and the PBCH may include receiving the PBCHand the TSS after the SSS.

In some examples of the method 2100, receiving the TSS and the PBCH mayinclude receiving the TSS on a first set of one or more frequencysubcarriers that overlaps a second set of one or more frequencysubcarriers on which the PBCH is received. The first set of one or morefrequency subcarriers may be different from the second set of one ormore frequency subcarriers. In some examples, receiving the TSS and thePBCH may further include receiving the TSS frequency divisionmultiplexed with at least a portion of the PBCH. In some examples, theSS block may further include a PSS and a SSS, and receiving the SSS andthe PBCH may include receiving a second portion of the PBCH after theSSS.

In some examples of the method 2100, receiving the TSS and the PBCH mayinclude receiving the TSS on a first set of one or more frequencysubcarriers that is interleaved with a second set of one or morefrequency subcarriers on which the PBCH is received. In some of theseexamples, the SS block may further include a PSS and a SSS, andreceiving the TSS, the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH may include receivingthe PSS and the SSS frequency division multiplexed with the interleavedTSS and PBCH.

In some examples of the method 2100, the PBCH may be received based atleast in part on the SS block index, and the method 2100 may includedecoding the PBCH, based at least in part on the SS block index.

FIG. 22 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 2200 forwireless communication at a base station, in accordance with variousaspects of the present disclosure. For clarity, the method 2200 isdescribed below with reference to aspects of one or more of the basestations described with reference to FIGS. 1,3, and 19, aspects of theapparatus described with reference to FIG. 13, or aspects of one or moreof the base station wireless communication managers described withreference to FIGS. 13-17 and 19. In some examples, a base station mayexecute one or more sets of codes to control the functional elements ofthe base station to perform the functions described below. Additionallyor alternatively, the base station may perform one or more of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At block 2205, the method 2200 may include allocating resources for aTSS and a PBCH within a BCH TTI, as described for example with referenceto FIGS. 2-7. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2205 may beperformed using the BCH TTI resource allocator 1425 described withreference to FIG. 14.

At block 2210, the method 2200 may include determining the TSS based atleast in part on a timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI, as describedfor example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. In some examples, theoperation(s) at block 2205 may be performed using the TSS determiner1430 described with reference to FIG. 14.

At block 2215, the method 2200 may include transmitting, on theresources allocated for the TSS and the PBCH, the TSS and the PBCH, asdescribed for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The TSS may betransmitted as a DMRS for the PBCH on at least one port used to transmitthe TSS and the PBCH. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2215may be performed using the BCH TTI transmission manager 1435 describedwith reference to FIG. 14.

FIG. 23 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 2300 forwireless communication at a base station, in accordance with variousaspects of the present disclosure. For clarity, the method 2300 isdescribed below with reference to aspects of one or more of the basestations described with reference to FIGS. 1,3, and 19, aspects of theapparatus described with reference to FIG. 13, or aspects of one or moreof the base station wireless communication managers described withreference to FIGS. 13-17 and 19. In some examples, a base station mayexecute one or more sets of codes to control the functional elements ofthe base station to perform the functions described below. Additionallyor alternatively, the base station may perform one or more of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At block 2305, the method 2300 may include allocating resources for a SSblock within a BCH TTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS.2-7. The SS block may include a TSS and a PBCH, and thus, resources maybe allocated for the TSS and the PBCH in the SS block. In some examples,the SS block may also include a PSS and a SSS, and resources may beallocated for the PSS and the SSS in the SS block. The SSS may bedetermined based at least in part on a PCI of the base station. In someexamples, the SS block may be one SS block in a plurality of SS blockstransmitted (e.g., by the base station) within the BCH TTI. In someexamples, the operation(s) at block 2305 may be performed using the BCHTTI resource allocator 1425 described with reference to FIG. 14.

At block 2310, the method 2300 may include determining the TSS based atleast in part on a timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI, as describedfor example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The timing of the TSS may bebased at least in part on a SS block index associated with the SS block.The SS block index may indicate the timing of the TSS within the BCHTTI, and thus, the TSS may be determined based at least in part on theSS block index. In some examples, the TSS may be determined based atleast in part on the SS block index by encoding the SS block index in awaveform signature of the TSS, or by including the SS block index in atleast one modulation symbol in the TSS. In some examples, the SS blockindex may further identify a beam on which the SS block is transmitted.In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2305 may be performed usingthe TSS determiner 1430 described with reference to FIG. 14.

At block 2315, the method 2300 may include transmitting, on theresources allocated for the SS block, the TSS and the PBCH, as describedfor example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The TSS may be transmitted as aDMRS for the PBCH on at least one port used to transmit the TSS and thePBCH. In some examples, the SSS may be transmitted as an additional DMRSfor the PBCH, on at least one port used to transmit the SSS and thePBCH. In some examples, the PBCH may be transmitted based at least inpart on the SS block index for the SS block. In some examples, theoperation(s) at block 2315 may be performed using the BCH TTItransmission manager 1435 or described with reference to FIG. 14.

In some examples of the method 2300, transmitting the TSS and the PBCHmay include transmitting the TSS time division multiplexed with the PBCHon a same set of one or more frequency subcarriers. In some of theseexamples, the SS block may further include a PSS and a SSS, andtransmitting the TSS, the SSS, and the PBCH may include transmitting thePBCH and the TSS after the SSS.

In some examples of the method 2300, transmitting the TSS and the PBCHmay include transmitting the TSS on a first set of one or more frequencysubcarriers that overlaps a second set of one or more frequencysubcarriers on which the PBCH is transmitted. The first set of one ormore frequency subcarriers may be different from the second set of oneor more frequency subcarriers. In some examples, transmitting the TSSand the PBCH may further include transmitting the TSS frequency divisionmultiplexed with at least a portion of the PBCH. In some examples, theSS block may further include a PSS and a SSS, and transmitting the SSSand the PBCH may include transmitting a second portion of the PBCH afterthe SSS.

In some examples of the method 2300, transmitting the TSS and the PBCHmay include transmitting the TSS on a first set of one or more frequencysubcarriers that is interleaved with a second set of one or morefrequency subcarriers on which the PBCH is transmitted. In some of theseexamples, the SS block may further include a PSS and a SSS, andtransmitting the TSS, the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH may includetransmitting the PSS and the SSS frequency division multiplexed with theinterleaved TSS and PBCH.

FIG. 24 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 2400 forwireless communication at a UE, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure. For clarity, the method 2400 is described belowwith reference to aspects of one or more of the UEs described withreference to FIGS. 1, 3, and 18, aspects of the apparatus described withreference to FIG. 8, or aspects of one or more of the UE wirelesscommunication managers described with reference to FIGS. 8-12 and 18. Insome examples, a UE may execute one or more sets of codes to control thefunctional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, the UE may perform one or more of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At block 2405, the method 2400 may include receiving a SS block thatincludes a TSS, a PSS, and a SSS, as described for example withreference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The TSS may be based at least in part on aSS block index associated with the SS block. In some examples, the TSSmay be based at least in part on the SS block index because the SS blockindex is encoded in a waveform signature of the TSS, or because the SSblock index is included in at least one modulation symbol in the TSS.The SS block index may indicate the timing of the TSS within a BCH TTI,and may thus indicate the timing of the SS block within the BCH TTI. Insome examples, the SSS may be based at least in part on a PCI of thebase station. In some examples, the SS block may be one SS block in aplurality of SS blocks within the BCH TTI. In some examples, theoperation(s) at block 2405 may be performed using the BCH TTI receptionmanager 1025 or SS block reception manager 1030 described with referenceto FIG. 10.

At block 2410, the method 2400 may include determining, based at leastin part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block within the BCHTTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. In someexamples, the operation(s) at block 2410 may be performed using thesynchronization manager 1035 described with reference to FIG. 10.

At block 2415, the method 2400 may include demodulating the TSS based atleast in part on the SSS, as described herein and for example withreference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. In some examples, the operation(s) atblock 2415 may be performed using the TSS demodulator 1040 describedwith reference to FIG. 10.

At block 2420, the method 2400 may optionally include identifying, basedat least in part on the SS block index, a beam on which the SS block istransmitted, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6.In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2420 may be performed usingthe beam identifier 1045 described with reference to FIG. 10.

At block 2425, and when the SS block includes a PBCH, the method 2400may optionally include demodulating the PBCH based at least in part onthe SSS, as described herein and for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4and 6. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2425 may be performedusing the PBCH demodulator 1050 described with reference to FIG. 10.

In some examples of the method 2400, the SS block may include a PBCH,and receiving the TSS and the PBCH may include receiving the TSS timedivision multiplexed with the PBCH on a same set of one or morefrequency subcarriers. In some of these examples, receiving the TSS, theSSS, and the PBCH may include receiving the PBCH and the TSS after theSSS.

When the SS block includes a PBCH, and in some examples of the method2400, the PBCH may be received based at least in part on the SS blockindex, and the method 2100 may include decoding the PBCH, based at leastin part on the SS block index.

FIG. 25 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 2500 forwireless communication at a base station, in accordance with variousaspects of the present disclosure. For clarity, the method 2500 isdescribed below with reference to aspects of one or more of the basestations described with reference to FIGS. 1,3, and 19, aspects of theapparatus described with reference to FIG. 13, or aspects of one or moreof the base station wireless communication managers described withreference to FIGS. 13-17 and 19. In some examples, a base station mayexecute one or more sets of codes to control the functional elements ofthe base station to perform the functions described below. Additionallyor alternatively, the base station may perform one or more of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At block 2505, the method 2500 may include allocating resources for a SSblock, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. TheSS block may include a TSS, a PSS, and a SSS, and thus, resources may beallocated for the TSS, the PSS, and the SSS in the SS block. The SSS maybe determined based at least in part on a PCI of the base station. Insome examples, the SS block may also include a PBCH, and resources maybe allocated for the PBCH in the SS block. In some examples, the SSblock may be one SS block in a plurality of SS blocks transmitted (e.g.,by the base station) within a BCH TTI. In some examples, theoperation(s) at block 2505 may be performed using the SS block resourceallocator 1525 described with reference to FIG. 15.

At block 2510, the method 2500 may include determining the TSS based atleast in part on a timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI, as describedfor example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The timing of the TSS maybe based at least in part on a SS block index associated with the SSblock. The SS block index may indicate the timing of the TSS within theBCH TTI, and thus, the TSS may be determined based at least in part onthe SS block index. In some examples, the TSS may be determined based atleast in part on the SS block index by encoding the SS block index in awaveform signature of the TSS, or by including the SS block index in atleast one modulation symbol in the TSS. In some examples, the SS blockindex may further identify a beam on which the SS block is transmitted.In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2505 may be performed usingthe TSS determiner 1530 described with reference to FIG. 15.

At block 2515, the method 2500 may include transmitting, on theresources allocated for the SS block, the TSS the PSS, and the SSS, asdescribed for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The SSS may betransmitted as a DMRS for the TSS on at least one port used to transmitthe TSS and the SSS. When the SS block includes a PBCH, the SSS may alsobe transmitted as a DMRS for the PBCH, on at least one port used totransmit the SSS and the PBCH. In some examples, the PBCH may betransmitted based at least in part on the SS block index for the SSblock. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2515 may be performedusing the BCH TTI transmission manager 1535 or SS block transmissionmanager 1540 described with reference to FIG. 15.

When the SS block includes a PBCH, and in some examples of the method2500, transmitting the TSS and the PBCH may include transmitting the TSStime division multiplexed with the PBCH on a same set of one or morefrequency subcarriers. In some of these examples, transmitting the TSS,the SSS, and the PBCH may include transmitting the PBCH and the TSSafter the SSS.

FIG. 26 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 2600 forwireless communication at a UE, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure. For clarity, the method 2600 is described belowwith reference to aspects of one or more of the UEs described withreference to FIGS. 1,3, and 18, aspects of the apparatus described withreference to FIG. 8, or aspects of one or more of the UE wirelesscommunication managers described with reference to FIGS. 8-12 and 18. Insome examples, a UE may execute one or more sets of codes to control thefunctional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, the UE may perform one or more of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At block 2605, the method 2600 may include receiving a SS block thatincludes a TSS, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7.The TSS may include at least one modulation symbol. In some examples,the at least one modulation symbol may include a QPSK symbol or a BPSKsymbol. In some examples, the SS block may also include a PSS, a SSS,and/or a PBCH. In some examples, the SSS may be based at least in parton a PCI of the base station. In some examples, the SS block may be oneSS block in a plurality of SS blocks within a BCH TTI. In some examples,the operation(s) at block 2605 may be performed using the SS blockreception manager 1125 described with reference to FIG. 11.

At block 2610, the method 2600 may include decoding a SS block indexencoded in the at least one modulation symbol, as described for examplewith reference to FIGS. 2-7. The SS block index may indicate the timingof the TSS within a BCH TTI, and may thus indicate the timing of the SSblock within the BCH TTI. In some examples, the SS block index may beencoded in the at least one modulation symbol using a polar code, or aReed-Mueller code, or a Golay code, or a TBCC. In some examples, theoperation(s) at block 2610 may be performed using the TSS payloaddecoder 1130 described with reference to FIG. 11.

At block 2615, the method 2600 may optionally include decoding, from theat least one modulation symbol, at least one parameter of a beam sweepconfiguration used to receive a plurality of SS blocks, including the SSblock, within the BCH TTI, as described for example with reference toFIGS. 2-7. In some examples, the at least one parameter of the beamsweep configuration may include a number of beams in a SS blockburst-set, or a periodicity of the SS block burst-set, or a combinationthereof. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2615 may beperformed using the TSS payload decoder 1130 described with reference toFIG. 11.

At block 2620, the method 2600 may include identifying, based at leastin part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block within a BCHTTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. In someexamples, the operation(s) at block 2620 may be performed using thesynchronization manager 1135 described with reference to FIG. 11.

In some examples, the method 2600 may optionally include decoding a CRCfor the SS block index encoded in the at least one modulation symbol,and verifying the SS block index based at least in part on the CRC.

FIG. 27 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 2700 forwireless communication at a base station, in accordance with variousaspects of the present disclosure. For clarity, the method 2700 isdescribed below with reference to aspects of one or more of the basestations described with reference to FIGS. 1,3, and 19, aspects of theapparatus described with reference to FIG. 13, or aspects of one or moreof the base station wireless communication managers described withreference to FIGS. 13-17 and 19. In some examples, a base station mayexecute one or more sets of codes to control the functional elements ofthe base station to perform the functions described below. Additionallyor alternatively, the base station may perform one or more of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At block 2705, the method 2700 may include allocating resources for a SSblock, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The SSblock may include a TSS, a PSS, a SSS, and/or a PBCH, and thus,resources may be allocated for the TSS, the PSS, the SSS, and/or thePBCH in the SS block. The SSS may be determined based at least in parton a PCI of the base station. In some examples, the SS block may be oneSS block in a plurality of SS blocks transmitted (e.g., by the basestation) within a BCH TTI. In some examples, the operation(s) at block2705 may be performed using the SS block resource allocator 1625described with reference to FIG. 16.

At block 2710, the method 2700 may include encoding a SS block index inat least one modulation symbol, as described for example with referenceto FIGS. 2-7. In some examples, the at least one modulation symbol mayinclude a QPSK symbol or a BPSK symbol. The SS block index may indicatea timing of the TSS within a BCH TTI, and may thus indicate the timingof the SS block within the BCH TTI. In some examples, the SS block indexmay be encoded in the at least one modulation symbol using a polar code,or a Reed-Mueller code, or a Golay code, or a TBCC. In some examples,the operation(s) at block 2710 may be performed using the TSS payloadencoder 1630 described with reference to FIG. 16.

At block 2715, the method 2700 may optionally include encoding, in theat least one modulation symbol, at least one parameter of a beam sweepconfiguration used to transmit a plurality of SS blocks, including theSS block, within the BCH TTI, as described for example with reference toFIGS. 2-7. In some examples, the at least one parameter of the beamsweep configuration may include a number of beams in a SS blockburst-set, or a periodicity of the SS block burst-set, or a combinationthereof. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2715 may beperformed using the TSS payload encoder 1630 described with reference toFIG. 16.

At block 2720, the method 2700 may include transmitting, on theresources allocated for the SS block, a TSS that includes the at leastone modulation symbol, as described for example with reference to FIGS.2-7. In some examples, the operation(s) at block 2720 may be performedusing the SS block transmission manager 1635 or TSS transmission manager1640 described with reference to FIG. 16.

In some examples, the method 2700 may optionally include generating aCRC for the SS block index, and encoding the CRC in the at least onemodulation symbol, along with the SS block index.

FIG. 28 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 2800 forwireless communication at a UE, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure. For clarity, the method 2800 is described belowwith reference to aspects of one or more of the UEs described withreference to FIGS. 1,3, and 18, aspects of the apparatus described withreference to FIG. 8, or aspects of one or more of the UE wirelesscommunication managers described with reference to FIGS. 8-12 and 18. Insome examples, a UE may execute one or more sets of codes to control thefunctional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, the UE may perform one or more of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At block 2805, the method 2800 may include receiving a SS block thatincludes a TSS and a PBCH, as described for example with reference toFIGS. 2-4 and 6. The TSS may be based at least in part on a SS blockindex associated with the SS block. In some examples, the TSS may bebased at least in part on the SS block index because the SS block indexis encoded in a waveform signature of the TSS, or because the SS blockindex is included in at least one modulation symbol in the TSS. The SSblock index may indicate the timing of the TSS within a BCH TTI, and maythus indicate the timing of the SS block within the BCH TTI. In someexamples, the SS block may further include a PSS and a SSS. In someexamples, the SSS may be based at least in part on a PCI of the basestation. In some examples, the SS block may be one SS block in aplurality of SS blocks within the BCH TTI. In some examples, theoperation(s) at block 2805 may be performed using the BCH TTI receptionmanager 1225 or SS block reception manager 1230 described with referenceto FIG. 12.

At block 2810, the method 2800 may include demodulating the TSS and thePBCH based at least in part on a same DMRS, as described herein and forexample with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. In some examples, the DMRSmay include a SSS in the SS block. In some examples, the operation(s) atblock 2810 may be performed using the demodulator 1235 described withreference to FIG. 12.

At block 2815, the method 2800 may include identifying, based at leastin part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS block within a BCHTTI, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. In someexamples, the operation(s) at block 2815 may be performed using thesynchronization manager 1240 described with reference to FIG. 12.

FIG. 29 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method 2900 forwireless communication at a base station, in accordance with variousaspects of the present disclosure. For clarity, the method 2900 isdescribed below with reference to aspects of one or more of the basestations described with reference to FIGS. 1,3, and 19, aspects of theapparatus described with reference to FIG. 13, or aspects of one or moreof the base station wireless communication managers described withreference to FIGS. 13-17 and 19. In some examples, a base station mayexecute one or more sets of codes to control the functional elements ofthe base station to perform the functions described below. Additionallyor alternatively, the base station may perform one or more of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At block 2905, the method 2900 may include allocating resources for a SSblock, as described for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. TheSS block may include a TSS and a PBCH, and thus, resources may beallocated for the TSS and the PBCH in the SS block. The SS block mayalso include a PSS and a SSS, and resources in the SS block may beallocated for the PSS and the SSS. The SSS may be determined based atleast in part on a PCI of the base station. In some examples, the SSblock may be one SS block in a plurality of SS blocks transmitted (e.g.,by the base station) within a BCH TTI. In some examples, theoperation(s) at block 2905 may be performed using the SS block resourceallocator 1725 described with reference to FIG. 17.

At block 2910, the method 2900 may include determining a TSS based atleast in part on a SS block index associated with the SS block, asdescribed for example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The SS blockindex may indicate a timing of the SS block within a BCH TTI. In someexamples, the operation(s) at block 2910 may be performed using the TSSdeterminer 1730 described with reference to FIG. 17.

At block 2915, the method 2900 may include transmitting, on theresources allocated for the SS block, the TSS and the PBCH, as describedfor example with reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6. The transmitted SS blockmay include a same DMRS for the TSS and the PBCH on at least one portused to transmit the DMRS, the TSS, and the PBCH. In some examples, theDMRS may include a SSS in the SS block. In some examples, theoperation(s) at block 2915 may be performed using the BCH TTItransmission manager 1735 described with reference to FIG. 17.

The methods 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400, 2500, 2600, 2700, 2800, and2900 described with reference to FIGS. 20-29 may provide for wirelesscommunication. It should be noted that the methods are exampleimplementations of some of the techniques described in the presentdisclosure, and the operations of the methods may be rearranged,combined with other operations of the same or different method, orotherwise modified, such that other implementations are possible. Insome examples, operations of the methods 2000, 2100, 2400, 2600, or 2800may be combined. In some examples, operations of the methods 2200, 2300,2500, 2700, or 2900 may be combined. In some examples, operations may beadded to the methods.

Techniques described herein may be used for various wirelesscommunication systems such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, andother systems. The terms “system” and “network” are often usedinterchangeably. A CDMA system may implement a radio technology such asCDMA2000, Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), etc. CDMA2000covers IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. IS-2000 Releases 0 and Amay be referred to as CDMA2000 1×, 1×, etc. IS-856 (TIA-856) may bereferred to as CDMA2000 1×EV-DO, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD), etc. UTRAincludes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. A TDMA systemmay implement a radio technology such as Global System for MobileCommunications (GSM). An OFDMA system may implement a radio technologysuch as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), IEEE 802.11(Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM™, etc. UTRA andE-UTRA are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS).3GPP LTE and LTE-A are new releases of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA,E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, and GSM are described in documents from anorganization named 3GPP. CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documentsfrom an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2”(3GPP2). The techniques described herein may be used for the systems andradio technologies mentioned above as well as other systems and radiotechnologies, including cellular (e.g., LTE) communications over anunlicensed or shared bandwidth. The description above, however,describes an LTE/LTE-A system for purposes of example, and LTEterminology is used in much of the description above, although thetechniques are applicable beyond LTE/LTE-A applications.

The detailed description set forth above in connection with the appendeddrawings describes examples and does not represent all of the examplesthat may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. Theterms “example” and “exemplary,” when used in this description, mean“serving as an example, instance, or illustration,” and not “preferred”or “advantageous over other examples.” The detailed description includesspecific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of thedescribed techniques. These techniques, however, may be practicedwithout these specific details. In some instances, well-known structuresand apparatuses are shown in block diagram form in order to avoidobscuring the concepts of the described examples.

Information and signals may be represented using any of a variety ofdifferent technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions,commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may bereferenced throughout the above description may be represented byvoltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles,optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

The various illustrative blocks and components described in connectionwith the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with ageneral-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, anFPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistorlogic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designedto perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processormay be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may beany conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or statemachine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination ofcomputing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor,multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunctionwith a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, softwareexecuted by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. Ifimplemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may bestored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on acomputer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are withinthe scope and spirit of the disclosure and appended claims. For example,due to the nature of software, functions described above can beimplemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware,hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Components implementingfunctions may also be physically located at various positions, includingbeing distributed such that portions of functions are implemented atdifferent physical locations. As used herein, including in the claims,the term “or,” when used in a list of two or more items, means that anyone of the listed items can be employed by itself, or any combination oftwo or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if acomposition is described as containing components A, B, or C, thecomposition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B incombination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B,and C in combination. Also, as used herein, including in the claims,“or” as used in a list of items (for example, a list of items prefacedby a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of”) indicates adisjunctive list such that, for example, a list of “at least one of A,B, or C” means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B andC).

Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media andcommunication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of acomputer program from one place to another. A storage medium may be anyavailable medium that can be accessed by a general purpose or specialpurpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation,computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory,CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or othermagnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carryor store desired program code means in the form of instructions or datastructures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose orspecial-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purposeprocessor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readablemedium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website,server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable,twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologiessuch as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiberoptic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such asinfrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium.Disk and disc, as used herein, include compact disc (CD), laser disc,optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray discwhere disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproducedata optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also includedwithin the scope of computer-readable media.

The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable aperson skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Variousmodifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to thoseskilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may beapplied to other variations without departing from the scope of thedisclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not to be limited to the examplesand designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scopeconsistent with the principles and novel techniques disclosed herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for wireless communication at a userequipment (UE), comprising: receiving a SS block that includes a timingsynchronization signal (TSS), a primary synchronization signal (PSS),and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), the TSS based at least inpart on a SS block index associated with the SS block; determining,based at least in part on the SS block index, a timing of the SS blockwithin a broadcast channel transmission time interval (BCH TTI); anddemodulating the TSS based at least in part on the SSS.
 2. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising: receiving the SS block index encoded in awaveform signature of the TSS, or in at least one modulation symbol inthe TSS.
 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: identifying,based at least in part on the SS block index, a beam on which the SSblock is received.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the SS blockfurther includes a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), the PBCH isreceived based at least in part on the SS block index, and the methodfurther comprises: decoding the PBCH based at least in part on the SSblock index.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the SS block furtherincludes a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), the method furthercomprising: demodulating the PBCH based at least in part on the SSS. 6.An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE),comprising: a processor; memory in electronic communication with theprocessor; and instructions stored in the memory, the instructions beingexecutable by the processor to: receive a SS block that includes atiming synchronization signal (TSS), a primary synchronization signal(PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), the TSS based atleast in part on a SS block index associated with the SS block;determine, based at least in part on the SS block index, a timing of theSS block within a broadcast channel transmission time interval (BCHTTI); and demodulate the TSS based at least in part on the SSS.
 7. Theapparatus of claim 6, wherein the instructions are executable by theprocessor to: receive the SS block index encoded in a waveform signatureof the TSS, or in at least one modulation symbol in the TSS.
 8. Theapparatus of claim 6, wherein the instructions are executable by theprocessor to: identify, based at least in part on the SS block index, abeam on which the SS block is received.
 9. The apparatus of claim 6,wherein the SS block further includes a physical broadcast channel(PBCH), the PBCH is received based at least in part on the SS blockindex, and the instructions are executable by the processor to: decodethe PBCH based at least in part on the SS block index.
 10. The apparatusof claim 6, wherein the SS block further includes a physical broadcastchannel (PBCH), wherein the instructions are executable by the processorto: demodulate the PBCH based at least in part on the SSS.
 11. A methodfor wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising:receiving a timing synchronization signal (TSS) and a physical broadcastchannel (PBCH), the TSS based at least in part on a timing of the TSSwithin a broadcast channel transmission time interval (BCH TTI);determining the timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; and demodulatingthe PBCH based at least in part on the TSS.
 12. The method of claim 11,further comprising: receiving a synchronization signal (SS) block thatincludes the TSS and the PBCH, wherein the TSS is based at least in parton a SS block index associated with the SS block, and the SS block indexindicates the timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; and determining,based at least in part on the SS block index, the timing of the SS blockwith the BCH TTI.
 13. The method of claim 12, wherein receiving the TSSand the PBCH comprises: receiving the TSS on a first set of one or morefrequency subcarriers that overlaps a second set of one or morefrequency subcarriers on which the PBCH is received, wherein the firstset of one or more frequency subcarriers is different from the secondset of one or more frequency subcarriers.
 14. The method of claim 13,wherein receiving the TSS and the PBCH comprises: receiving the TSSfrequency division multiplexed with at least a portion of the PBCH. 15.The method of claim 14, wherein the SS block further includes a primarysynchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal(SSS), and wherein receiving the SSS and the PBCH comprises receiving asecond portion of the PBCH after the SSS.
 16. The method of claim 12,wherein receiving the TSS and the PBCH comprises: receiving the TSS on afirst set of one or more frequency subcarriers that is interleaved witha second set of one or more frequency subcarriers on which the PBCH isreceived.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the SS block furtherincludes a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondarysynchronization signal (SSS), and wherein receiving the TSS, the PSS,the SSS, and the PBCH comprises: receiving the PSS and the SSS frequencydivision multiplexed with the interleaved TSS and PBCH.
 18. The methodof claim 12, further comprising: receiving the SS block index encoded ina waveform signature of the TSS, or in at least one modulation symbol inthe TSS.
 19. The method of claim 12, further comprising: identifying,based at least in part on the SS block index, a beam on which the SSblock is transmitted.
 20. The method of claim 12, wherein the PBCH isreceived based at least in part on the SS block index, the methodfurther comprising: decoding the PBCH based at least in part on the SSblock index.
 21. The method of claim 12, wherein the SS block furtherincludes a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondarysynchronization signal (SSS), and the SSS is based at least in part on aphysical cell identity (PCI) of a base station.
 22. The method of claim12, wherein the SS block further includes a primary synchronizationsignal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and themethod further comprises: demodulating the PBCH based at least in parton the SSS.
 23. The method of claim 12, wherein the TSS includes atleast one modulation symbol encoding the SS block index, the methodfurther comprising: decoding the SS block index encoded in the at leastone modulation symbol, wherein the at least one modulation symbolincludes a quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) symbol.
 24. An apparatusfor wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: aprocessor; memory in electronic communication with the processor;instructions stored in the memory, the instructions being executable bythe processor to: receive a timing synchronization signal (TSS) and aphysical broadcast channel (PBCH), the TSS based at least in part on atiming of the TSS within a broadcast channel transmission time interval(BCH TTI); determine the timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; anddemodulate the PBCH based at least in part on the TSS.
 25. The apparatusof claim 24, wherein the instructions are executable by the processorto: receive a synchronization signal (SS) block that includes the TSSand the PBCH, wherein the TSS is based at least in part on a SS blockindex associated with the SS block, and the SS block index indicates thetiming of the TSS within the BCH TTI; and determine, based at least inpart on the SS block index, the timing of the SS block with the BCH TTI.26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the instructions to receive theSS block are executable by the processor to: receive the TSS on a firstset of one or more frequency subcarriers that overlaps a second set ofone or more frequency subcarriers on which the PBCH is received, whereinthe first set of one or more frequency subcarriers is different from thesecond set of one or more frequency subcarriers.
 27. The apparatus ofclaim 26, wherein the instructions to receive the SS block areexecutable by the processor to: receive the TSS frequency divisionmultiplexed with at least a portion of the PBCH.
 28. The apparatus ofclaim 27, wherein the SS block further includes a primarysynchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal(SSS), and the instructions to receive the SSS and the PBCH areexecutable by the processor to receive a second portion of the PBCHafter the SSS.
 29. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the instructionsto receive the SS block are executable by the processor to: receive theTSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriers that isinterleaved with a second set of one or more frequency subcarriers onwhich the PBCH is received.
 30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein theSS block further includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and asecondary synchronization signal (SSS), and the instructions to receivethe SS block are executable by the processor to: receive the PSS and theSSS frequency division multiplexed with the interleaved TSS and PBCH.31. The apparatus of claim 25, the instructions to receive the SS blockare executable by the processor to: receive the SS block index encodedin a waveform signature of the TSS, or in at least one modulation symbolin the TSS.
 32. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the instructions areexecutable by the processor to: identify, based at least in part on theSS block index, a beam on which the SS block is transmitted.
 33. Theapparatus of claim 25, wherein the PBCH is received based at least inpart on the SS block index, and the instructions are executable by theprocessor to: decode the PBCH based at least in part on the SS blockindex.
 34. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the SS block furtherincludes a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondarysynchronization signal (SSS), and the SSS is based at least in part on aphysical cell identity (PCI) of a base station.
 35. The apparatus ofclaim 25, wherein the SS block further includes a primarysynchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal(SSS), and the instructions are executable by the processor to:demodulate the PBCH based at least in part on the SSS.
 36. The apparatusof claim 25, wherein the TSS includes at least one modulation symbolencoding the SS block index, and the instructions are executable by theprocessor to: decode the SS block index encoded in the at least onemodulation symbol, wherein the at least one modulation symbol includes aquadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) symbol.
 37. A method for wirelesscommunication at a base station, comprising: allocating resources for asynchronization signal (SS) block; determining a timing synchronizationsignal (TSS) based at least in part on a SS block index associated withthe SS block, the SS block index indicating a timing of the SS blockwithin a broadcast channel transmission time interval (BCH TTI); andtransmitting, on the resources allocated for the SS block, the TSS, aprimary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronizationsignal (SSS), the SSS transmitted as a demodulation reference signal(DMRS) for the TSS on at least one port used to transmit the TSS and theSSS.
 38. The method of claim 37, further comprising: encoding the SSblock index in a waveform signature of the TSS, or including the SSblock index in at least one modulation symbol in the TSS.
 39. The methodof claim 37, wherein the SS block index further identifies a beam onwhich the SS block is transmitted.
 40. The method of claim 37, whereinthe SS block further includes a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), andthe PBCH is transmitted based at least in part on the SS block index.41. The method of claim 37, wherein the SS block further includes aphysical broadcast channel (PBCH), and the SSS is transmitted as a DMRSfor the PBCH, on at least one port used to transmit the SSS and thePBCH.
 42. The method of claim 37, wherein the SS block is one SS blockin a plurality of SS blocks transmitted within the BCH TTI.
 43. Anapparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: aprocessor; memory in electronic communication with the processor; andinstructions stored in the memory, the instructions being executable bythe processor to: allocate resources for a synchronization signal (SS)block; determine a timing synchronization signal (TSS) based at least inpart on a SS block index associated with the SS block, the SS blockindex indicating a timing of the SS block within a broadcast channeltransmission time interval (BCH TTI); and transmit, on the resourcesallocated for the SS block, the TSS, a primary synchronization signal(PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), the SSS transmittedas a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the TSS on at least oneport used to transmit the TSS and the SSS.
 44. The apparatus of claim43, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to:encode the SS block index in a waveform signature of the TSS, or includethe SS block index in at least one modulation symbol in the TSS.
 45. Theapparatus of claim 43, wherein the SS block index further identifies abeam on which the SS block is transmitted.
 46. A method for wirelesscommunication at a base station, comprising: allocating resources for atiming synchronization signal (TSS) and a physical broadcast channel(PBCH) within a broadcast channel transmission time interval (BCH TTI);determining the TSS based at least in part on a timing of the TSS withinthe BCH TTI; and transmitting, on the resources allocated for the TSSand the PBCH, the TSS and the PBCH, the TSS transmitted as ademodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the PBCH on at least one portused to transmit the TSS and the PBCH.
 47. The method of claim 46,further comprising: allocating resources for a synchronization signal(SS) block, the resources allocated for the SS block including theresources allocated for the TSS and the PBCH, wherein the timing of theTSS is based at least in part on a SS block index associated with the SSblock, the SS block index indicates the timing of the TSS within the BCHTTI, and the TSS and the PBCH are transmitted by transmitting the SSblock.
 48. The method of claim 47, wherein transmitting the TSS and thePBCH comprises: transmitting the TSS on a first set of one or morefrequency subcarriers that overlaps a second set of one or morefrequency subcarriers on which the PBCH is transmitted, wherein thefirst set of one or more frequency subcarriers is different from thesecond set of one or more frequency subcarriers.
 49. The method of claim47, wherein transmitting the TSS and the PBCH comprises: frequencydivision multiplexing the TSS and at least a portion of the PBCH. 50.The method of claim 49, wherein the SS block further includes a primarysynchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal(SSS), and wherein transmitting the SSS and the PBCH comprisestransmitting a second portion of the PBCH after the SSS.
 51. The methodof claim 47, wherein transmitting the TSS and the PBCH comprises:transmitting the TSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriersthat is interleaved with a second set of one or more frequencysubcarriers on which the PBCH is transmitted.
 52. The method of claim51, wherein the SS block further includes a primary synchronizationsignal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and whereintransmitting the TSS, the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH comprises:frequency division multiplexing the PSS and the SSS with the interleavedTSS and PBCH.
 53. The method of claim 47, further comprising: encodingthe SS block index in a waveform signature of the TSS, or including theSS block index in at least one modulation symbol in the TSS.
 54. Themethod of claim 47, wherein the SS block index further identifies a beamon which the SS block is transmitted.
 55. The method of claim 47,wherein the PBCH is transmitted based at least in part on the SS blockindex.
 56. The method of claim 47, wherein the SS block further includesa primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronizationsignal (SSS), and the SSS is determined based at least in part on aphysical cell identity (PCI) of the base station.
 57. The method ofclaim 47, wherein the SS block further includes a primarysynchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal(SSS), and the SSS is transmitted as an additional DMRS for the PBCH, onat least one port used to transmit the SSS and the PBCH.
 58. Anapparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: aprocessor; memory in electronic communication with the processor; andinstructions stored in the memory, the instructions being executable bythe processor to: allocate resources for a timing synchronization signal(TSS) and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) within a broadcast channeltransmission time interval (BCH TTI); determine the TSS based at leastin part on a timing of the TSS within the BCH TTI; and transmit, on theresources allocated for the TSS and the PBCH, the TSS and the PBCH, theTSS transmitted as a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the PBCHon at least one port used to transmit the TSS and the PBCH.
 59. Theapparatus of claim 58, wherein the instructions are further executableby the processor to: allocate resources for a synchronization signal(SS) block, the resources allocated for the SS block including theresources allocated for the TSS and the PBCH, wherein the timing of theTSS is based at least in part on a SS block index associated with the SSblock, the SS block index indicates the timing of the TSS within the BCHTTI, and the TSS and the PBCH are transmitted by transmitting the SSblock.
 60. The apparatus of claim 59, wherein the instructions totransmit the TSS and the PBCH are executable by the processor to:transmit the TSS on a first set of one or more frequency subcarriersthat overlaps a second set of one or more frequency subcarriers on whichthe PBCH is transmitted, wherein the first set of one or more frequencysubcarriers is different from the second set of one or more frequencysubcarriers.